The conservation equation for a monochromatic field with arbitrary polarization propagating in an inhomogeneous transparent medium is expressed in terms of amplitude and phase variables. The expressions obtained for linearly polarized fields are compared with the results obtained in the eikonal approximation. The electric field wave equation is written in terms of intensity and phase variables....

Physical optics, or Fresnel–Kirchhoff theory, is often used for studies of particular problems in terrestrial radio-wave propagation. With efficient techniques of numerical integration, it can also be used effectively for routine predictions and for designing terrestrial wireless systems. A computer program of this type has been in use for several years. It is most useful in situations in which...

The physical mechanism of phenomenon is explained as a result of inequality of forward and reversed processes in optics. The importance of experimental study of its invariance relation is discussed. There is rather usual situation in nonlinear optics when a phenomenon has mathematical description, but clear explanation of its physical mechanism is absent. Clear physical sense appears if we use ...

Abstract We present simulations of the partially coherent undulator radiation (UR) propagation through several hard X-ray beamlines at NSLS-II, performed with SRW code, adopting two different memory- and CPU-efficient strategies / algorithms for mode decomposition (CMD). One these employs subtraction quadratic phase terms from 4D cross spectral density (CSD) a non-zero radius wavefront curvatur...

The RATAN-600 antenna is a flexible multireflector system composed of reflectors of very large dimensions. An extended system, with improved performance in the millimetric range, includes a focal receiver array. Accurate electromagnetic analysis of such a system, and simulation of three-dimensional (3D) patterns, represents a substantial computational challenge. A fast Physical Optics method ba...