A density-functional self-consistent calculation of the ground-state electronic density of quantum dots under an arbitrary magnetic field is performed. We consider a parabolic lateral confining potential. The addition energy, E(N11)2E(N), where N is the number of electrons, is compared with experimental data and the different contributions to the energy are analyzed. The Hamiltonian is modeled ...

US conscription in the Civil War is analyzed. Conscription was designed to gain federal control of enlistments, leaving state and local governments much of the fiscal and administrative responsibility for raising troops. Due to the hiring of substitutes, the payment of a fee to avoid service (commutation), and community-provided funds, only 2% of those who served were conscripted. Theory sugges...

The isolation from bud scales and partial characterisation of highly active, low molecular weight, germination inhibitors, in concentrations correlated quantitively with resistance of N52/219, N11, NCo376, and NCo293, holds promise for the development of a rapid, quantitative, chemical assay for evaluating sugarcane for pre-infectional resistance to smut. Histopathological studies on stalk and ...

Few studies analyze determinants and patterns of physical activity among college students, so it has not been possible to carry out effective interventions to promote this practice. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between some personal, social, and environmental determinants, practice of physical activity and future intention to practice in a sample of 639 university stude...

For a polygonal domain with h holes and a total of n vertices, we present algorithms that compute the L1 geodesic diameter in O(n2 + h4) time and the L1 geodesic center in O((n4 + n2h4)α(n)) time, respectively, where α(·) denotes the inverse Ackermann function. No algorithms were known for these problems before. For the Euclidean counterpart, the best algorithms compute the geodesic diameter in...

Under the National Banking System, 1863–1914, national banks that deposited sufficient collateral could issue notes provided they paid a tax on notes in circulation: 1% per year before 1900 and 12% thereafter. Because note issue was far below the allowed maximum, an arbitrage argument predicts that short-term nominal interest rates should have been bounded above by the tax rate. They were not. ...

Let P = n11 ⊕ · · · ⊕ nt1 be the poset given by the ordinal sum of the antichains ni1 with ni elements. We derive MacWilliams-type identities for the fragment and sphere enumerators, relating enumerators for the dual C of the linear code C on P and those for C on the dual poset P̌. The linear changes of variables appearing in the identities are explicit. So we obtain, for example, the P-weight d...

InAs/GaAs heterostructures have been simultaneously grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs (100), GaAs (100) with a 2 misorientation angle towards [01-1], and GaAs (n11)B (n = 9, 7, 5) substrates. While the substrate misorientation angle increased from 0 to 15.8 , a clear evolution from quantum dots to quantum well was evident by the surface morphology, the photoluminescence, and the time-reso...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of five variations of imagery and physical practice on learning of Basketball free throws in adolescents with mental retardation (AWMR). Forty AWMR were randomly assigned to five groups and performed a variation of practice: physical practice, mental practice, physical practice followed by mental practice, mental practice followed by physi...