SJ-200 (Himcospaz), an herbal preparation, was investigated for antispasmodic activity on gastrointestinal smooth muscles of guinea pig, rats, rabbits, and mice. SJ-200 dosedependently inhibited acetylcholine, histamine and barium chloride-induced contraction of guinea pig ileum. It inhibited spontaneous contraction of rabbit and rat colon. Oxytocininduced contraction of rat uterus was also inh...

I N THE course of experiments on the physiological action of the venom of Bothrope jararaca, we found that some blood samples taken from a dog after the injection of minute doses of the venom had a stimulating effect upon the isolated gut of the guinea pig. This was not due to direct action of the venom since the gut had been previously made refractory to it; no desensitization could be observe...

AIM OF THE STUDY To provide ethnopharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Lepidium sativum seeds in indigestion and constipation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vivo studies were conducted in mice, while isolated tissues of mouse, guinea-pig and rabbit were suspended in tissue bath to measure isotonic contractions. RESULTS The aqueous-methanolic extract of Lepidium sativum seeds (Ls.Cr)...

BACKGROUND The present study was aimed to provide ethnopharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Viola betonicifolia whole plant in indigestion and constipation. METHODS Mice were used in in-vivo prokinetic and laxative studies while in-vitro experiments were conducted on isolated tissues of rabbit and guinea-pig gut preparations suspended in a tissue bath to measure isotonic contraction...

As part of the preclinical safety evaluation process, an investigational macrolide antibiotic, LY281389, was examined for autonomic activity in isolated smooth and cardiac muscle preparations and for cardiovascular effects by intravenous infusion in anesthetized beagles. Concentration-dependent antagonism of acetylcholine and angiotensin I (guinea pig ileum), norepinephrine (rat vas deferens), ...

The effects of essential oil of Croton nepetaefolius (EOCN) on guinea-pig-isolated ileum were studied. We previously demonstrated that EOCN induced reversible relaxation of ileal tone artificially increased by high [K(+)] nutrient solution. This study aimed to elucidate whether these effects were caused by indirect, neural, or primarily by myogenic effect. EOCN (40 microg/mL) induced a relaxati...

      In order to investigate the effects of dimethylamino substituent at postion 2 of the dihydropyridine nucleus on its activity, dialkyl 1,4-dihydro-2-[2-(dimethy- lamino) ethyl]-6-methyl-4-(1-benzyl-2-alkylthio-5-imidazolyl)-3,5-pyrdinedicar- boxylates (6a-f) were synthesized. The synthesis was started from dialkyl 1,4- dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(1-benzyl-2-alkylthio-5-imidazolyl)-3,5-pyridine...

In order to investigate the effects of dimethylamino substituent at position 2 of the dihydropyridine nucleus on activity, starting from dialkyl l ,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4- (l-benzyl-2-alkylthio-5-imidazolyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylates (5a-f) which their synthesis and effects as calcium channel antagonist on guinea-pig ileum has been reported previously, dialkyl l,4-dihydro-2-[2-(dimethyla...

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are not only an important energy source, but they also play a regulatory role in various physiological processes in humans and rodents. Current studies, mostly in humans and rodents, have revealed that SCFAs acted as endogenous ligands for G protein-coupled receptor GPR41 and GPR43. Whether proteins similar to human GPR41 and GPR43 mediate the regulatory effects ...