Piper nigrum leaves were collected from five locations from Kerala within a radius of 150 km, altitudinal variance of 1000m and annual rainfall variance of 1400mm. The extracted Piper nigrum leaf oil was profiled using a GC-MS, Beta Caryophyllene was the only constituent that was present in all the five locations, of which the highest concentration was noted in the high altitude region of Idukk...

Piper nigrum leaves were collected from five locations from Kerala within a radius of 150 km, altitudinal variance of 1000m and annual rainfall variance of 1400mm. The extracted Piper nigrum leaf oil was profiled using a GC-MS, Beta Caryophyllene was the only constituent that was present in all the five locations, of which the highest concentration was noted in the high altitude region of Idukk...

Piper nigrum leaves were collected from five locations from Kerala within a radius of 150 km, altitudinal variance of 1000m and annual rainfall variance of 1400mm. The extracted Piper nigrum leaf oil was profiled using a GC-MS, Beta Caryophyllene was the only constituent that was present in all the five locations, of which the highest concentration was noted in the high altitude region of Idukk...

Piper nigrum leaves were collected from five locations from Kerala within a radius of 150 km, altitudinal variance of 1000m and annual rainfall variance of 1400mm. The extracted Piper nigrum leaf oil was profiled using a GC-MS, Beta Caryophyllene was the only constituent that was present in all the five locations, of which the highest concentration was noted in the high altitude region of Idukk...

Piper nigrum leaves were collected from five locations from Kerala within a radius of 150 km, altitudinal variance of 1000m and annual rainfall variance of 1400mm. The extracted Piper nigrum leaf oil was profiled using a GC-MS, Beta Caryophyllene was the only constituent that was present in all the five locations, of which the highest concentration was noted in the high altitude region of Idukk...

Piper nigrum leaves were collected from five locations from Kerala within a radius of 150 km, altitudinal variance of 1000m and annual rainfall variance of 1400mm. The extracted Piper nigrum leaf oil was profiled using a GC-MS, Beta Caryophyllene was the only constituent that was present in all the five locations, of which the highest concentration was noted in the high altitude region of Idukk...

Piper nigrum leaves were collected from five locations from Kerala within a radius of 150 km, altitudinal variance of 1000m and annual rainfall variance of 1400mm. The extracted Piper nigrum leaf oil was profiled using a GC-MS, Beta Caryophyllene was the only constituent that was present in all the five locations, of which the highest concentration was noted in the high altitude region of Idukk...

Piper nigrum leaves were collected from five locations from Kerala within a radius of 150 km, altitudinal variance of 1000m and annual rainfall variance of 1400mm. The extracted Piper nigrum leaf oil was profiled using a GC-MS, Beta Caryophyllene was the only constituent that was present in all the five locations, of which the highest concentration was noted in the high altitude region of Idukk...

Piper nigrum leaves were collected from five locations from Kerala within a radius of 150 km, altitudinal variance of 1000m and annual rainfall variance of 1400mm. The extracted Piper nigrum leaf oil was profiled using a GC-MS, Beta Caryophyllene was the only constituent that was present in all the five locations, of which the highest concentration was noted in the high altitude region of Idukk...

The Piper betle (Tamil: vetrilai) is a glabrous climbing vine belonging to the family Piperaceae . Essential oil from vellaikodi variety of Piper betle L leaves (Piperaceae) was extracted by hydro-distillation method in a clevenger type apparatus. The essential oil thus obtained was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography – mass spectroscopy. Sixty five components were identified ...