This paper presents an incentive scheme to control agricultural non-point-source pollution. The analysis is based on a nested agent framework with three parties; farmers, a country’s government, and the governments of all countries that affect each other’s environmental quality. Unlike previous analysis of incentive schemes to control agricultural pollution, we suggest non-individual contracts ...

A mathematical framework is presented for use in the experimental determination of the polarimetric response of observatory instrumentation. Elementary principles of linear algebra are applied to model the full matrix description of the polarization measurement equation by least-squares estimation of non-linear, scalar parameters. The formalism is applied to calibrate the center element of the ...

Due to the overwhelming background of atmospheric muons, the traditional IceCube point source search in the Southern Hemisphere is mainly sensitive to neutrinos with energies above 100TeV. A new approach focuses on events starting inside the instrumented volume. By utilizing different veto techniques we are able to significantly reduce the energy threshold and can now for the first time explore...

in this work, we had examined 7 different types of neutron sources -an isotropic point source, sending 14.1(mev) monoenergetic neutrons ,an spherical source with 30 micron radius sending 14.1 (mev) monoenergetic neutrons, and a 30 micron radius spherical source having gaussian fusion energy spectrum from a d-t fusion, with different bandwidths -1,10,50,100 and 1000 kev and investigated 5 differ...

Underdetermined blind source separation is a signal processing technique that more suitable for practical applications and aims to separate the signals from mixed signals. The mixing matrix estimation major step in underdetermined separation. Since current methods estimating have disadvantages of insufficient accuracy or weak noise immunity, two-stage single-source point screening combines cosi...

In the direct current (DC) exploration method, topographic relief distorts apparent resistivity curve. To eliminate effects of terrain fluctuations, two undulating terrains comprising valleys and ridges were investigated in present study. An unstructured triangular mesh method which wave number k its coefficient g obtained using integral point line source surveys conducted comsol multiphysics. ...