OBJECTIVES To compare methods for defining the population at risk from a point source of air pollution. A major challenge for environmental epidemiology lies in correctly identifying populations at risk from exposure to environmental pollutants. The complexity of today's environment makes it essential that the methods chosen are accurate and sensitive. METHODS Environmental and mathematical m...

Research News raditionally, U.S. environmental policy has emphasized mandatory regulations that prescribe limits on emissions of pollutants or the use of specific abatement technology such as scrubbers. While these regulations have protected the environment, they have encouraged firms to concentrate on pollution controls that operate at the end of the factory smokestack or at the point of efflu...

Since the 1980's, measures mitigating the impact of transboundary air pollution have been implemented successfully as evidenced in the 1980-2014 record of atmospheric sulphur pollution over the NE-Atlantic, a key region for monitoring background northern-hemisphere pollution levels. The record reveals a 72-79% reduction in annual-average airborne sulphur pollution (SO4 and SO2, respectively) ov...

In this article, novel gradient-based online learning algorithms are developed to investigate an important environmental application: real-time river pollution source identification, which aims at estimating the released mass, location, and time of a based on downstream sensor data monitoring concentration. The is assumed be instantaneously once. problem can formulated as non-convex loss minimi...

Introduction: Exposure to high concentrations of fluoride in drinking water can negatively affect lung, liver and kidney tissues, and cause skeleton pain; however, lack of fluoride can cause tooth decay and bone problems. Materials and Methods: In this study, the concentration of fluoride was investigated and its spatial distribution was carried out with Arc GIS software in underground water o...

0022-1694/$ see front matter 2013 Elsevier B.V. A http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.01.018 ⇑ Corresponding author. Address: 222 Riley-Robb H NY 14853, United States. Tel.: +1 6072552488; fax: + E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Todd Walt Spatially distributed nonpoint source (NPS) pollution indices are used to identify areas in a watershed where potential pollutant loading coincides w...