the vibration of cable-stayed bridges subjected to the passage of high-speed trains is studied in this article. the moving train includes a number of wagons, each of which is modeled as a four-axle system possessing 48 degrees of freedom. the car model is nonlinear and three-dimensional and includes nonlinear springs and dampers of primary and secondary suspensions, dry friction between differe...

Magnetic vortices intermittently flow through preferred channels when they are forced in or out of a superconductor. We study this behavior using a cellular model, and find that the vortex flow can make braided rivers strikingly similar to aerial photographs of braided fluvial rivers, such as the Brahmaputra. By developing an analysis technique suitable for characterizing a selfaffine (multi)fr...

Transitions inChinese agriculture resulted in industrial animal production systems, disconnected from crop production.We analyzed side-effects of these transitions on total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and phosphorus (TDP) inputs to rivers. In 2000, when transitionswere ongoing, 30%–70%of the manurewas directly discharged to rivers (range for sub-basins). Before the transition (1970) this was only ...

The role played by river networks in regional and global carbon cycle is receiving increasing attention. Despite the potential of radiocarbon measurements (14C) to elucidate sources and cycling of different riverine carbon pools, there remain large regions such as the climate-sensitive Tibetan Plateau for which no data are available. Here we provide new 14C data on dissolved organic carbon (DOC...

To protect against the environmental pollution, the present research was undertaken to enumerate the Bacterial Technologies (BTs) on the restoration of polluted urban rivers, that is, Fenghu-Song Yang River (FSR) and Xuxi River (XXR). Experimental research accounted for the physiochemical parameters (pH; temperature; dissolved oxygen (DO); chemical oxygen demand (COD); total phosphorus (TP); to...

The erosive action of rivers and seas has immense influence on the appearance of the physical landscape. However, the creation of several important river and coastal features are not available in terrain creation software and systems. We have designed algorithms to easily create these features, namely (1) river meanders, (2) river deltas, (3) coastal cliffs, and (4) beaches. A terrain that does...

The upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers are important transportation resources for United States grain producers and exporters. Unfortunately, the lock and dam system on these Rivers is aged and barge delays have become troublesome in the lower portion of these Rivers. Studies are underway to measure the benefits and costs of upgrading locks on selected segments of these transportation arteri...

The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is a charismatic anadromous fish of high conservation and economic value. Concerns have been expressed regarding the long-term viability of fisheries throughout the species's distributional range because of abundance variations that cannot currently be explained or predicted. Here, we analyse long-term catch data obtained over a wide geographical range and acro...

The chemistry of 1,3,4-thiadiazole is one the most interesting scaffolds for synthesizing new drug molecules due to their numerous pharmacological activities. Several modifications in thiadiazole ring have been made, proving it be more potent and highly effective with a less toxic scaffold various biological There are several marketed drugs containing structure. In this review article, we tried...

Wide distribution of chlorinated paraffins in the environment has already been demonstrated in several studies; however, information about their levels in the Central Europe is still very limited. First study focused on the SCCP contamination of the Czech aquatic environment have been performed recently, and its results motivated the authors to analyze sediments from a wide set of the Czech riv...