conclusions there is no difference between median and paramedian approaches with respect to pdph incidence; the paramedian approach is therefore recommended, especially for older patients with degenerative changes in the spine and intervertebral spaces and those who cannot take the proper position. moreover, the rate of pdph was found to be significantly higher in females than in males. results...

objective: the aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the metacognitive model in treating post-traumatic stress disorder. method: in a single-subject experimental trial of multiple baseline type, the treatment process was carried out on an 18-year-old male subject. the patient satisfied the dsm-iv criteria for ptsd and was assessed for pre-duration and post treatment. the scales ...

while studies have shown the disastrous effects of post-partum depression (ppd) on children's behaviors, there is relatively lack of reliable data in asian countries. this study examined the relative significance of maternal ppd in children's developmental disabilities at age four. in a longitudinal study design (2009), 1801 pregnant women attending in primary health centers of mazandaran provi...

introduction: in cases of severe hard tissue loss, 2 mm circumferential ferrule is difficult to achieve. so in these cases we should use different ferrule designs. this in vitro study investigated the effect of different ferrule designs on the fracture resistance of teeth restored with bonded post and cores. materials and methods: forty freshly-extracted central incisors were endodontically tre...

post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) is a disorder which might occur in subjects after experiencing a traumatic life event. the underlying etiology of this disorder is still unknown but malfunction of the brain’s anxiety network is discussed. therefore, neuroscience research might give new insights about the neurobiological mechanisms of ptsd. the talk will give a systematic overview about the...

various psychotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder and disturbances associated with it are used. the purpose of this review was to introduce of traditional and modern psychotherapy in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. the data was collected by searching of online databases, english articles selected from science direct, pubmed, proquest, and persian articles from medlib, ...

background: severe abdominal pain is not common after laparoscopic surgeries, but acute or chronic pain after operation is considerable in some patients. post-operative pain control after laparoscopic surgeries, is conventionally achieved using analgesics such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) and narcotics, but their administration has a lot of side effects. this study compares...

in addition to graft clarity, an acceptable refractive error is essential to consider a corneal transplant successful. the most common complication of penetrating keratoplasty (pk) is postkeratoplasty astigmatism which can result in decreased visual acuity, anisometropia, and mono-ocular diplopia. these complications can cause patient dissatisfaction, in spite of a successful transplant. intrao...