BACKGROUND 10-22% of individuals sustaining whiplash trauma develop persistent symptoms resulting in reduced working ability and decreased quality of life, but it is poorly understood why some people do not recover. Various collision and post-collision risk factors have been studied, but little is known about pre-collision risk factors. In particular, the impact of sickness and socioeconomic fa...

the lut block in eastern iran is a micro-continental block within the convergent orogen between the arabian, eurasian and indian plates. large areas of the north-central, eastern, and western lut block are covered by volcanic rocks of paleogene, neogene and quaternary age.  peak volcanic activity took place in the north-central part of the lut block during the eocene, and then dramatically decr...

Arc continent collision is one of the most fundamental tectonic processes for the formation of new land, and the preservation on land of fragments of oceanic lithosphere (ophiolites). However, the tectonic evolution of arc continent collision is commonly over-simplified in everything from introductory textbooks to complex tectonic models. Major unresolved issues include the response of the fore...

Large perturbations in the global carbon cycle recorded as carbon-isotope (?13C) excursions (CIEs) both organic and carbonate records have been linked to volcanism during emplacement of Igneous Provinces (LIPs). This link is based primarily on purported temporal coincidence between CIEs LIP emplacement. Mercury (Hg) concentration sedimentary rocks has used a regional tracer large-scale volcanic...

Amazonian The youngest of the geologic epochs on Mars identified through geoiogic mapping of superposition relations, and the area! density of impact craters. caldera An irregular collapse feature formed over the evacuated magma chamber within a volcano. central volcano Emplacement of volcanic materials from a centralized source vent rather than along a distributed line of vents, composite volc...

a r t i c l e i n f o An evaluation of the historical record of volcanic eruptions shows that subaerial volcanism increases globally by two to six times above background levels between 12 ka and 7 ka, during the last deglaciation. Increased volcanism occurs in deglaciating regions. Causal mechanisms could include an increase in magma production owing to the mantle decompression caused by ablati...

*Correspondence: Eric Font, IDL-FCUL, Instituto Dom Luís, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8-8.3.22, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] The environmental impact of the Deccan trap volcanism is poorly understood as yet. The paucity of geological markers that can unambiguously be attributed to the Deccan volcanism and the temporal coincid...

We investigate the electromagnetic signals accompanied with planetary collisions and their event rate, and explore the possibility of directly detecting such events. A typical Earth– Jupiter collision would give rise to a prompt EUV-soft-X-ray flash lasting for hours and a bright IR afterglow lasting for thousands of years. With the current and forthcoming observational technology and facilitie...