Recent advances on the neurobiology of posttraumatic stress disorder include: the utilization of functional brain imaging; the incorporation of cross-system research including neuroendocrine (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axes), neurochemical (corticotropin-releasing factor, norepinephrine, serotonin, endogenous opiates), and neuroimmunological (humoral and c...

Objective: Myocardial infarction is a life-threatening condition that occurs unexpectedly and can cause posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency predictors PTSD symptoms for patients with myocardial relationship between cognitions Method: This included 152 history infarction. were administered Impact Event Scale assess symptoms, Postt...

OBJECTIVE Does stress damage the brain? Studies of adults with posttraumatic stress disorder have demonstrated smaller hippocampal volumes when compared with the volumes of adults with no posttraumatic stress disorder. Studies of children with posttraumatic stress disorder have not replicated the smaller hippocampal findings in adults, which suggests that smaller hippocampal volume may be cause...

BACKGROUND Chronic headache following traumatic brain injury (TBI) sustained in military service, while common, is highly challenging to treat with existing pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions and may be complicated by co-morbid posttraumatic stress. Recently, a novel form of brainwave-based intervention known as the Flexyx Neurotherapy System (FNS) that involves minute pulses of ...

Recent evidence suggests that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to acute edema and lesion formation following ischemic and traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Experimental and clinical studies have also reported the beneficial effects of posttraumatic hypothermia on histopathological and behavioral outcome. The purpose of this study was to determine whether therapeutic hypothermia would a...

Posttraumatic epilepsy is a major source of disability following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and a common cause of medically-intractable epilepsy. Previous attempts to prevent the development of posttraumatic epilepsy with treatments administered immediately following TBI have failed. Recently, the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway has been implicated in mechanisms of ep...

Pharmacotherapy may contribute to the rehabilitation of persons with posttraumatic cognitive impairments. This article reviews first the neurobiological consequences of traumatic brain injury with a particular emphasis on acute and long-term posttraumatic neurochemical disturbances. Studies of pharmacotherapies for posttraumatic cognitive impairments are reviewed next, and are organized accordi...