Polarization for Au/Pb(Zr Ti )O /YBa Cu O ferroelectric capacitor has been studied and measured by pulse method. A sequence of pulses with amplitudes varying from 0 to 10 volts in 2 volt steps is applied and a conventional polarization curve is obtained by integrating the charge flow from the polarization switching induced by the voltage ramp. A value of 25?C/cm2 is measured for the satur...

The kinetics of passive oxide film formation, its thickening, and composition on Ni-22Cr Ni-22Cr-6Mo wt% alloys were investigated at selected anodic potentials. Experiments performed in acidic alkaline sulfate environments using a number characterization techniques including combination potentiodynamic polarization, on-line atomic emission spectro-electrochemistry (AESEC), situ potentiostatic g...

Novel in-situ Ti-based matrix composites (TMCs) were developed through the reactive hot pressing of Ti + NbC powder blends. Due to chemical reaction that occurred in solid-state during processing, produced samples composed an Nb-rich β-Ti phase formed a metallic along with Ti2C as reinforcing phase. By employing different proportions Ti:NbC, composition alloys was designed contain ratios α-Ti a...

The effect of copper content on the passivity Ti–xCu alloys in a phosphate-buffered saline electrolyte (pH 7.4), steady-state condition, was examined using potentiostatic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and Mott-Schottky analysis. study demonstrates that oxide layer forms surface have n-type semiconducting character, thickness is observed linearly depends applied potential...

The electrochemical behavior of dysprosium ions, as well and nickel ion co-reduction, on inert tungsten electrodes active were studied in the eutectic KCl-NaCl-CsCl melt at a temperature 823 K using methods cyclic square-wave voltammetry open circuit chronopotentiometry. process Dy3+ ions electroreduction was found to be reversible proceed within single three-electron stage up polarization rate...

Digital paradigms have been applied to chemical and biochemical systems with a variety of outcomes, for example, information processing, encryption, and security systems. Another form of chemical/biochemical-based digital information conveyance is the unconventional barcode. Several bar codes serving as medical diagnostic models or multiplexed bioanalytical assays have been developed with appli...