We consider the problem of an atomic beam propagating quantum mechanically through an atom beam splitter. Casting the problem in an adiabatic representation (in the spirit of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation in molecular physics) sheds light on explicit effects due to nonadiabatic passage of the atoms through the splitter region. We are thus able to probe the fully three-dimensional structure...

Introduction. For non-invasive imaging of targeted tissues, cells and biological tissue substitutes in living species the application of fluorinated agents are becoming more popular as F is a relative sensitive nucleus and images can be obtained without disturbing background signals as seen in H MRI. However, compared to H nuclei the number of available F nuclei is usually limited and thus opti...

This article introduces an ultra-compact four-way quadrature power splitter (4W-QPS) based on a novel transmission-line compression technique called double-path zigzag microstrip line (DP-ZML). Detailed design techniques with modular approach are disclosed for the state-of-the-art 5G low-band applications. The theoretical predictions verified experimental results through fabricated prototype th...

A quantum system can behave as a wave or as a particle, depending on the experimental arrangement. When, for example, measuring a photon using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the photon acts as a wave if the second beam splitter is inserted, but as a particle if this beam splitter is omitted. The decision of whether or not to insert this beam splitter can be made after the photon has entered the...

In this paper, we present a high accuracy laser range finder and velocimeter using ultra-fast time-to-digital converter (TDC). The system operation is based on the measuring the round-trip time of a narrow laser pulse. A low-dark current high-speed PIN photodiode is used to detect the triggered laser beam and to produce start signal. The pulsed laser diode generates 45W optical power at 30ns du...

This paper presents holistic design of a novel 4-way differential power-combining transformer for use in mm-wave power-amplifier (PA). The combiner with an inner radius of 25 um exhibits a record low insertion loss of 1.25 dB at 83.5 GHz. It is designed to simultaneously act as a balanced-to-unbalanced converter, removing the need for additional BALUNs typically required in differential circuit...