Low frequency power oscillations may be triggered by many events in the system. Most oscillations are damped by the system, but undamped oscillations can lead to system collapse. Oscillations develop as a result of rotor acceleration/deceleration following a change in active power transfer from a generator. Like the operations limits, the monitoring of power system oscillating modes is a releva...

This paper introduces a two-port BiCMOS static mem-ory cell that combines ECL level word-line voltage swings andemitter-follower bit line coupling with a static CMOS latchto achieve access times comparable to those of high-speedbipolar SRAM's, while preserving the high density and lowpower of CMOS memory arrays. The memory can be ac-cessed for read and write independentl...

Preliminary notes Dynamic disturbances in the electric power system exert influence on the operation of generators and cause several other disturbances, such as a power swing, resulting in the activation of protections, the stalling of generators and their disconnection from the grid. The application of synchronized measurements in the field of power swing has mainly been focused on a transmiss...

This paper presents a discrete time, single loop, third order ΔΣ modulator. The input feed forward technique combined with 5bit quantizer is adopted to suppress swings of integrators. Harmonic distortions as well as the noise mixture due to the nonlinear amplifier gain are prevented.The design of amplifiers is hence relaxed. To reduce the area and power cost of the 5-bit quantizer, the successi...

In the context of ultra-low-power and ultra-low-voltage operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), there is the inconvenience of low unity-gain frequency and DC gain. In this paper, we presented a 0.5-V improved ultra-low-power OTA using the transistors operate in weak inversion. The proposed topology based on a bulk-driven input differential pair employed an under-weak-inversion gain-stag...

Slow reaction owing to fixed-step change, high ripple, and increased oscillation due swings around maximum power point are the main drawbacks of conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). This study proposes a hybrid MPPT control address these concerns .In this we used Extremum Seeking Control(ESC) based on metaheuristic Archimedes Optimization Algorithm (AOA) achieve in PV panels under ...

Abstract—A Sigma-Delta topology with reduced sensitivity to OTA gain nonlinearities has been introduced. The most important feature of this topology is that the signal transfer function is unity, which is relatively independent to the building block characteristics. With careful signal scaling, signal swings inside the loop can be suppressed to less than 50% of the reference voltage, which is h...