Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated disease is an important public health problem worldwide. HPV is not only associated with 530,000 new cases of cervical cancer and 275,000 cervical cancer deaths worldwide each year but also causes vulvar, vaginal, anal, and penile cancers as well as cervical and vulvar/vaginal precancerous lesions, genital warts, and respiratory papillomatosis. Most individ...

This paper provides an overview of the current research in the field of optical techniques for cervical neoplasia detection and covers a wide range of the existing and emerging technologies. Using colposcopy, a visual inspection of the uterine cervix with a colposcope (a binocular microscope with 3- to 15-fold magnification), has proven to be an efficient approach for the detection of invasive ...

Development of HPV-associated cancers not only depends on efficient negative regulation of cell cycle control that supports the accumulation of genetic damage, but also relies on immune evasion that enable the virus to go undetected for long periods of time. In this way, HPV-related tumors usually present MHC class I down-regulation, impaired antigen-processing ability, avoidance of T-cell medi...

HPV vaccination of pre-pubescent girls will be effective for many girls. Vaccinating girls and women older than 12 years of age may accelerate the reduction in cervical cancer rates. Currently HPV vaccines are effective for at least 5 years in the prevention of HPV 16 and 18 associated precancerous lesions however the duration of vaccine protection is unknown. The need for booster shots must th...

BACKGROUND There is scant information on whether Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositivity has an influence on the outcome of treatment of precancerous cervical lesions using cryotherapy. We studied the prevalence of cervical abnormalities detectable by visual inspection and cervical lesions diagnosed by colposcopy according to HIV serostatus and described the outcomes of cryotherapy tr...

The cervical cancer developing from the precancerous lesions caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has been one of preventable cancers with help periodic screening. There are two types grading conventions widely accepted among pathologists. On other hand, inter-observer variability is an important issue for final diagnosis. In this paper, a whole-slide image benchmark precursor introduced. papi...

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the main reasons death in developing countries around world, with an incidence sixty-one percent females, so it important to detect precancerous lesion decrease morbidity and mortality rates due cervical cancer.

Method: Two hundred and nine patients who were diagnosed with precancerous lesions and referred to the dermatology department of Imam Reza hospital from 1997 to 2007 were studied. Study parameters included participants’ age, sex and occupation, type of precancerous skin lesion, clinicopathological type of the lesion and location. The data was collected from the patients’ records in the dermatol...