A case of a patient with premature ovarian failure (POF) is discussed. Ovulation failed to occur for 5 years by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) and human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) treatment following estrogen-progesterone replacement therapy. After laparoscopic ovarian biopsy, ovulation was successfully induced by hMG, although gonadotropins were not suppressed enough, and th...

OBJECTIVE To articulate the need for a new approach to primary ovarian insufficiency. The condition, also known as premature menopause or premature ovarian failure, is defined by the presence of menopausal-level serum gonadotropins in association with irregular menses in adolescent girls or women younger than 40 years. It can be iatrogenic as related to cancer therapy or may arise spontaneously...

Early menopause (EM) affects up to 10% of the female population, reducing reproductive lifespan considerably. Currently, it constitutes the leading cause of infertility in the western world, affecting mainly those women who postpone their first pregnancy beyond the age of 30 years. The genetic aetiology of EM is largely unknown in the majority of cases. We have undertaken a meta-analysis of gen...

BACKGROUND In premature ovarian failure (POF), cessation of menstruation occurs before the expected age of menopause. Approximately 1% of women are affected. FMR1 premutation was reported to be responsible for up to 3.3%-6.7% of sporadic POF and 13% of familial cases in Caucasians, while the data was absent in Chinese population. Therefore, the impact of FMR1 CGG repeat on ovarian reserve is ne...

BACKGROUND Premature ovarian failure (POF) before 40 years of age from natural causes affects approximately 1% of adult women, with minor variations between ethnic groups. A recent case of ovarian transplantation between young monozygotic (MZ) twins in which one had undergone unexplained POF at 14 years has prompted a study of the prevalence of POF. METHODS Menopausal ages of 832 Australian a...

A 38-year old female presented with the acute onset of a vulval mass associated with pain and vaginal bleeding. She is female phenotype but has 46XY karyotype and Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS). At 15 years old she had a laparotomy and bilateral orchidectomy. Following admission, an examination under anaesthesia and cystoscopy was performed. A diagnosis of strangulated complete...