Bemisia tabaci biotype B has become a major pest, causing serious losses to many agricultural crops worldwide. Chrysopa pallens is an important polyphagous predator of B. tabaci on different agricultural crops. In the present study, prey consumption by C. pallens was determined with feeding on un-parasitized and Encarsia formosa parasitized B. tabaci biotype B prey on tomato host plant at contr...

Numerous ecological models evaluate how predators influence the abundance of their prey. Prey dynamics in these models often reflect a compromise between prey reproductive potential, density-dependent competition, and the direct consumption of prey by predators. But predators and prey play a complex evolutionary game where prey behavior, and its effect on distribution and abundance, depends on ...

The aim of this study was to analyze the isotopic composition in muscle of striped weakfish Cynoscion guatucupa from Southwest Atlantic Ocean in order to evaluate a possible variation in δ13C and δ15N in response to dietary shifts that occur as animals grow. We also explored for isotopic evidence of differences between sample locations. The results showed an agreement between isotope analysis a...

The behavior of a California isolate of the predaceous nematode, Odontopharynx longicaudata de Man, was studied in water agar culture. When feeding on an Acrobeloides sp. the predator completed its life cycle in 13 to 14 days at 25 C. Optimum temperature for reproduction of the predator was 25 C, few individuals survived at 10 C, and 30 C was lethal. Males were necessary for reproduction, and a...

Large-scale ungulate migrations result in changes in prey availability for top predators and, as a consequence, can alter predator behavior. Migration may include entire populations of prey species, but often prey populations exhibit partial migration with some individuals remaining resident and others migrating. Interactions of migratory prey and predators have been documented in North America...

The influence of predation in structuring ecological communities can be informed by examining the shape and magnitude of the functional response of predators towards prey. We derived functional responses of the ubiquitous intertidal amphipod Echinogammarus marinus towards one of its preferred prey species, the isopod Jaera nordmanni. First, we examined the form of the functional response where ...

in order to increase the knowledge of saurida tumbil biology and ecology, an investigation of food habits of this species was conducted from october 2010 to september 2011 in bushehr coastal waters, persian gulf. 485 fish stomach contents were studied. in this study the frequency of occurrence of prey, feeding intensity index, the index is empty stomachs, the mean trophic levels and the rate of...

Aposematic prey warn predators of their toxicity using conspicuous signals. However, predators regularly include aposematic prey in their diets, particularly when they are in a poor energetic state and in need of nutrients. We investigated whether or not an environmental factor, ambient temperature, could change the energetic state of predators and lead to an increased intake of prey that they ...

Complementary resource use and redundancy of species that fulfill the same ecological role are two mechanisms that can respectively increase and stabilize process rates in ecosystems. For example, predator complementarity and redundancy can determine prey consumption rates and their stability, yet few studies take into account the multiple predator species attacking multiple prey at different r...