Probucol effects on lipoprotein metabolism were determined in control and human apolipoprotein A-I transgenic (HuAITg) mice. In control mice, probucol reduced total cholesterol from 67 +/- 2 to 25 +/- 2 mg/dl by reducing high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol from 46 +/- 20 to 14 +/- 1 mg/dl and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from 11 +/- 1 to 5 +/- 1 mg/dl. Apolipoprotein (apo) A...

BACKGROUND Durable polymer coatings have been implicated in mid- and long-term adverse events after drug-eluting stent implantation. A polymer-free dual-drug sirolimus- and probucol-eluting stent and a new generation permanent polymer zotarolimus-eluting stent are recently developed technologies demonstrating encouraging results. METHODS AND RESULTS In a clinical trial with minimal exclusion ...

Oxidation of LDL plays all important role in atherogenesis. The lag-time in the formation of conjugated dienes provides a sensitive measure of the resistance of plasma LDL to oxidation and is widely assumed to be an indicator of atherogenic risk. To test this assumption, we investigated whether different antioxidants yielding similar lag-times result in similar reduction of atherosclerosis. A 6...

Statins are often prescribed for treatment of cardiovascular diseases, although there are still many patients who cannot be effectively treated by statins alone. Both probucol and cilostazol exhibit anti-atherogenic effects. In the current study, we attempted to investigate whether a probucol and cilostazol combination had any add-on effects on atorvastatin. To examine this hypothesis, we fed J...

Oxidative stress and energy depletion are believed to participate in hippocampal neuronal damage after forebrain ischemia. This study has been initiated to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of probucol, a lipid-lowering drug with strong antioxidant properties, against transient forebrain ischemia-induced neuronal damage and biochemical abnormalities in rat hippocampal CA1 region...

Probucol treatment results in an increase in plasma concentrations of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) which may account, in part, for the effects of this agent on plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol. We have examined the mechanism by which probucol increases plasma CETP and have determined the associated changes in the plasma distribution of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particl...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the antioxidant probucol on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis. H2O2 (1 mmol/l) was used as the VSMC apoptosis-inducing agent, and 100, 10 and 1 µmol/l probucol concentrations were incubated with cells for 6 h. The cell apoptosis was observed using Annexin V-FITC, TUNEL and Hoechst 33258 staining m...

UNLABELLED The rupture of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques and subsequent formation of thrombi are the main factors responsible for myocardial and cerebral infarctions. Because macrophage infiltration plays an essential role in plaque rupturing, pharmacologic therapy that reduces macrophage infiltration is required to stabilize the vulnerable plaques. The monitoring of therapeutic effect is i...

Atherosclerosis is a disease of oxidative stress and inflammation. AGI-1067 [butanedioic acid, mono[4-[[1-[[3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-,hydroxyphenyl]thio]-1-methylethyl]thio]-2,6-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl] ester] is a metabolically stable derivative of, yet pharmacologically distinct from, the antioxidant drug probucol. It is a member of a novel class of orally active, antioxidant, anti-...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and inflammation are potentially involved in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). We examined whether antioxidant and antiinflammatory treatment with probucol decreases myocardial oxidative stress and inflammation and attenuates the progression of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and remodeling (dilatation) in tachycardia-induced HF. METHODS AND RESULTS We stud...