in this paper we argue about knowledge management (km) and its implications for academic productivity with focus on models of changes in knowledge production posited by gibbons et al and community model of knowledge management, especially in a transitional society as iran.  based on the above argument, we have discussed the relationships between research and teaching productivity, briefly. beca...

Soil respiration, a major component of the global carbon cycle, is significantly influenced by land management practices. Grasslands are potentially a major sink for carbon, but can also be a source. Here, we investigated the potential effect of land management (grazing, clipping, and ungrazed enclosures) on soil respiration in the semiarid grassland of northern China. Our results showed the me...

the purpose of this study is calculate the rate of total factor productivity (tfp) growth  of rice varieties for different provinces of  iran and then breakdown it to the changes in a technology, management efficiency and scale efficiency. for this purpose we use the nonparametric method of comprehensive data analysis and malmquist productivity index. the used data include the rice varieties pr...

BACKGROUND A two-stage, self-cycling process for the production of bacteriophages was developed. The first stage, containing only the uninfected host bacterium, was operated under self-cycling fermentation (SCF) conditions. This automated method, using the derivative of the carbon dioxide evolution rate (CER) as the control parameter, led to the synchronization of the host bacterium. The second...

the main objective in production of any rainfed crop, including barley farming is to increase water productivity along with stability in the production of the rainfed crop through improvement of the agronomic management including limited single irrigation (si) and sowing date (sd). in order to determine optimal si management and limited water allocation scenarios, a field experiment was conduct...

The diversity of reproductive strategies in nature is shaped by a plethora of factors including energy availability. For example, both low temperatures and limited food availability could increase larval exposure to predation by slowing development, selecting against pelagic and/or feeding larvae. The frequency of hermaphroditism could increase under low food availability as population density ...

A supply chain is composed of a complex sequence of processing stages, ranging from raw materials supplies, parts manufacturing, components and end-products assembling, to the delivery of end products. In the context of supply chain management, supplier selection decision is considered one of the key issues faced by operations and purchasing managers to remain competitive. Therefore, requiremen...

During active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) fatigue is a common symptom, which seems related to active gut inflammation. However, even in remission many patients suffer from fatigue that negatively affects quality of life and work productivity. Currently, robust knowledge on the pathogenesis and treatment of IBD-related fatigue is lacking. In order to alleviate the burden of IBD-related fati...