When Karl Deisseroth, a neuroscientist at Stanford University, recently set out to improve a trustymolecular tool for finessing the activity of brain cells in living animals, he had nary a clue that nature had longanticipated his fastidious feat of engineering. Deisseroth, whose name has become nearly metonymous with optogenetics, a molecular technique for manipulating neurons using light, has ...

Karl Oskar Illmensee studied the cloning [2] and reproduction of fruit flies, mice, and humans [3] in the US and Europe during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Illmensee used nuclear transfer techniques (cloning [2]) to create early mouse [4] embryos from adult mouse [4] cells, a technique biologists used in later decades to help explain how embryonic cells function during development....

Popper commanded international audiences and conversation with him was an intellectual adventure even if a little rough animated by a myriad of philosophical problems. His intense desire to tear away at the veneer of falsity in pursuit of the truth lead him to contribute to a field of thought encompassing (among others) political theory, quantum mechanics, logic, scientific method and evolution...

Japanese Higher Education and Research in the Special Articles: Physical Sciences: PROFESSOR DUGALD C. JACKSON 189 The Production of Cosmic Ray Showers: DR. The Spirit of Ward in Sociology: PROFESSOR STUART ARTHUR BRAMLEY. Nerve Cells without Central A. RIcE. 192 Processes in the Fourth Spinal Ganglion of the Bullfrog: DR. ALFRED M. LUCAS and JOHN E. Obituary: MIKSICEK. The Thermophilic and Ana...

Two complementary sources of information are studied in a multi-period agency model. One is an accounting source which partially but credibly conveys the agent’s private information through accounting recognition. The other is an unverified communication by the agent (i.e., a self-report). In a simple setting with no communication, alternative labor market frictions lead to alternative optimal ...

Touching the 3rd Dimension (Dagstuhl Seminar 12151) Daniel Keefe, Antonio Krüger, Frank Steinicke, and Jean-Baptiste de la Rivière . . 1 Software Synthesis (Dagstuhl Seminar 12152) Ratislav Bodik, Sumit Gulwani, and Eran Yahav . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Semantic Data Management (Dagstuhl Seminar 12171) Grigoris Antoniou, Oscar Corcho, Karl Aberer, Elena...

We show that a unitary upper Hessenberg matrix with positive subdiago-nal elements is uniquely determined by its eigenvalues and the eigenvalues of a modiied principal submatrix. This provides an analog of a well-known result for Jacobi matrices.

Joseph Skoda was born on 5 December 1805 in Pilsen, Bohemia, and studied medicine in Vienna, where he became professor of medicine in 1846. His clinical researches into cardiopulmonary disease at the Allgemeine Krankenhaus were complementary to the pathological anatomical studies carried out there by Karl von Rokitansky. Skoda had been stimulated by the pioneer work on percussin and auscultatio...

Karl Grammer studied Zoology, Physics and Anthropology at the University of Munich. He received his PhD in Biology in 1982 at the University of Munich and the Research Institute for Human Ethology, Max-Planck-Society. His PhD thesis deals with self organization in groups of preschool children. In 1991 he became the Scientific Director of the Ludwig-BoltzmannInstitute for Urban Ethology in Vienn...