Design knowledge belongs to intellectual property, presented in three main types: (1) Serviceable Design Knowledge (SDK), (2) Intangible Design Knowledge (IDK), and (3) Tangible Design Knowledge (TDK). These three types of design knowledge are respectively generated in three successive creation development stages, namely the early design strategy stage, the intermediate design process stage, an...

Of the diverse factors motivating technological change, one factor that has received increasing attention in the recent past has been the protection of intellectual property rights. Given fairly recent changes in the international policy ethos where a regime of stronger intellectual property protection has become a fait accompli for most developing countries, it is of some significance to ask w...

I analyze the manner in which multinational enterprises facilitate technology transfer from the North to the South, and the role played by the protection of intellectual property. Different industries respond to changes in intellectual property protection (IPP) regimes differently, and will alter their mode of entry accordingly. Firms with complex but easily imitable products will tend to inter...

1. Introduction 2. Natural Law, the Human Right of Non-Discrimination and Intellectual Property Law (i) Natural Law and Intellectual Property Rights (ii) Human Rights and Intellectual Property Rights (a) International Law (aa) Non-discrimination (bb) Property rights (cc) Authors' moral and material interests (dd) Minimum standard of human rights under customary international law (b) Supranation...

O ne of the hottest areas of e-commerce is the online sale of music, documents, software, and other forms of intellectual property. To make these efforts successful, however , vendors face a critical concern: how to protect the intellectual property they're trying to sell over the Internet and keep people from copying, forwarding, reselling, or otherwise using it without payment or authorizatio...

Researchers studying the differential commitment of countries to intellectual property rights, often appear to run into the claim that countries with a relatively higher and significantly changing technological base (the developed countries) opt for relatively stronger protection, whereas those with a relatively low and essentially unchanging technological base (the developing countries) opt fo...