Consensus is a fundamental and difficult problem in fault tolerant distributed computing, and numerous consensus algorithms have been published. The paper proposes a generic consensus algorithm that highlights, through well chosen parameters, the core mechanisms of a number of well-known consensus algorithms including Paxos, OneThirdRule, PBFT, FaB Paxos. Interestingly, the generic algorithm al...

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) can be performed at a facility with a nuclear reactor or at hospitals that have developed alternative neutron sources. A beam of epithermal neutrons penetrates the brain tissue, reaching the malignancy. Once there the epithermal neutrons slow down and these low-energy neutrons combine with boron 10 (delivered beforehand to the cancer cells by drugs or antibo...

Abstract Boron-based two-dimensional materials are of interest for use in electronic devices and catalytic applications, which it is important that they chemically stable. Here, we explore the chemical stability hydrogen boride nanosheets water. Experiments reveal mixing water produces negligible amounts hydrogen, suggesting hydrolysis does not occur stable water, contrast to most boron hydride...

background: the purpose of this paper is to establish an easy and reliable biodosimeter protocol to evaluate the biological effects of proton beams. materials and methods: human peripheral blood lymphocytes were irradiated using proton beams (let: 34.6 kev μm−1), and the chromosome aberrations induced were analyzed using cytokinesis-blocked (cb) micronucleus (mn) assay. to determine the efficie...

BACKGROUND/AIM We are developing a neutron dynamic therapy (NDT) with boron tracedrugs for a new mechanical-clearance treatment of pathotoxic misfolded, aggregated, and self-propagating prion-associated disease proteins. We present a compact neutron generator-based NDT using a boron tracedrug UTX-51. Our NDT is based on the weak thermal neutron-bombarded destructive action of UTX-51 on bovine s...

More and more experiments have identified that the energy spectra of both primary secondary cosmic-rays exhibit a hardening above $\sim 200$ GV. Most recently, DAMPE experiment has reported boron-to-carbon ratio at $200$ These signs call for modifications conventional cosmic-ray (CR) picture. In this work, we propose plethoric cosmic rays, example, boron, antiprotons, originate from hadronic in...

Introduction: Proton radiotherapy is the one of advanced teletherapy methods. The protons deposit their maximum energy in a position called Bragg peak. Therefore, for treatment of cancer, the tumor should be placed at the Bragg peak or SOBP. The scattered photons and neutrons is a challenge in proton radiotherapy. The aim of this study is calculation of absorbed dose from scatt...