In this paper, we have tried to analyze and asses the process of formation and spatial – structural evolution of Iranian-Islamic cities through Tehran case study as well as how to organize and effecting different factors specially modernism on urban elements. Also we have discussed about formation and emergence of Tehran and the effect of different pre modernism and postmodernism socio-economic...

When I was first introduced to Abel Gance's La Roue, I was rather interested in the fact that it was released in 1922. I knew that this was also the year that James Joyce's Ulysses and T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land were published. I began to wonder why this year produced such significant works of modernism. I repeatedly asked a professor of mine, Bruce Kawin, a number of questions about 1922. My...

Pseudo equality algebras were initially introduced by Jenei and Kóródi as a possible algebraic semantic for fuzzy type theory, and they have been revised by Dvurečenskij and Zahiri under the name of JK-algebras. In this paper we define and study the commutative pseudo equality algebras. We give a characterization of commutative pseudo equality algebras and we prove that an invariant pseudo equa...

We develop a theory of double clubs which extends Kelly’s theory of clubs to the pseudo double categories of Paré and Grandis. We then show that the club for symmetric strict monoidal categories onCat extends to a ‘double club’ on the pseudo double category Cat of ‘categories, functors, profunctors and transformations’.

The formal theory of monads, originally introduced by Street in [22] and developed further by Lack and Street [17] provides a mathematically efficient treatment of several aspects of the theory of monads [1]. For example, it exhibits a universal property of the category of algebras for a monad and provides a clear explanation for Beck’s axioms for a distributive law [2]. Over the past few years...

extended abstract introduction school of modernism started between 1920 until 1930 in both sides of atlantic ocean. however, one can see its signs in the first movements in planning about the garden city ideas. the idea of modernism happened at the same time in architecture and this paradigm was dominant until late 1960. in twentieth century, the limitations of natural resources were understoo...

in this research, accomplished consideration of fictional virtues of gabra ibrahim gabra in angle of his famous work, “research for valid mosoud” because of two cultural, social and literary progress modernism and post modernism is more obvious then his other works in form and con feat. gabra ibrahim gabra traced in this fictional work his artistic movement from modernism to post modernism in e...

A paragraph on the negative side of Romanticism, however, is in order, since Romanticism is negative at base: it developed in understandable disillusionment over the excessively optimistic claims of the Enlightenment after the fiasco of the French Revolution and its aftermath. Its discontent was wider than the Enlightenment, however: it was a discontent with civilization as such, as was argued ...