OBJECTIVES To study the potential factors include gene mutation, efflux pump and alteration of permeability associated with quinolone-resistance of Salmonella enterica strains isolated from patients with acute gastroenteritis and to evaluate the degree of synergistic activity of efflux pump inhibitors when combined with ciprofloxacin against resistant isolates. METHODS Antimicrobial resistanc...

Clopidogrel is an integral part of the management of several important vascular diseases. However the medium to long term clinical outcomes are poorer for these patients if they experience gastro-intestinal bleeding, hence patients with risk factors for gastro-intestinal bleeding are frequently prescribed proton pump inhibitors. Conflicting evidence exists as to the existence of an adverse inte...

Omeprazole and lansoprazole are proton pump inhibitors that have shown activity against Helicobacter pylori and other Helicobacter species when tested by agar dilution. Lansoprazole was more active against H. pylori than was omeprazole, and the activity was independent of urease production. Disk susceptibility tests and agar dilution MIC determinations were performed to investigate the effects ...

BACKGROUND Proton pump inhibitors and histamine H2 receptor antagonists are two of the most commonly prescribed drug classes for pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease, but their efficacy is controversial. Many patients are treated with these drugs for atypical manifestations attributed to gastroesophageal reflux, even that causal relation is not proven. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of pr...

The association between use of proton pump inhibitors and risk of hip fracture was investigated in postmenopausal women. Women who were enrolled in the Nurses’ Health Study, a prospective cohort study, provided data biennially from 2000 until June 2008. The primary outcome was time until first hip fracture. The incidence rate of hip fracture was higher among regular users of proton pump inhibit...

Esomeprazole, the S-isomer of omeprazole was developed with the aim of improving the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of racemic omeprazole [1]. It suppresses the secretion of hydrochloric acid from gastric parietal cells via inhibition of the H+/K+ adenosine triphosphatase enzyme like other proton pump inhibitors [2]. Among all proton pump inhibitors available, esomeprazole is the ...

The AcrAB/TolC efflux pump-mediated drug resistance in gram-negative bacteria might be controlled by pump inhibitors (EPIs). This study was planned to discover a compound from plants that can used as an EPI. Forty isolates of K. pneumoniae and 33 different were collected. methanolic extracts parts prepared. Chloramphenicol, tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin for the sensitivity assay. Plant tested EPI...