This review is a survey on the latest and more recent applications of microscopy to study the morphological changes that food components or microorganisms undergo during processing. Apart from a brief discussion on the fundamentals of microscopic techniques, examples have been set out on the physical effects of different processes such as drying (hot air drying, spray drying, microwave, osmotic...

The quality traits of a single grain kernel can produce an index of the overall quality of the bulk grain, as individual kernels comprise a grain bulk. Therefore, single–kernel drying behavior is important in understanding the overall quality of grain. A Matlab based software package with C++ compiler was developed in this study for describing single–kernel drying, tempering, and internal stres...

A nonlinear predictive control technique is developed to determine the optimal drying profile for a drying process. A complete nonlinear model of the baker's yeast drying process is used for predicting the future control actions. To minimize the difference between the model predictions and the desired trajectory throughout finite horizon, an objective function is described. The optimization pro...

Uraria crinita is widely used as a popular folk drink; however, little is known about how the post-harvest operations affect the chemical composition and bioactivity of UC. We assessed three drying methods (Oven-drying, Air-drying, Sun-drying), as well as the Oven-drying temperature using metabolomics approaches and bioactivity assays. The samples processed at 40 degree show a greater effect on...

The drying kinetics of hawthorn in a pilot-scale experimental fluidized bed dryer with and without vibration was investigated. The effect of operating parameters, such as vibration intensity, drying air flow rate, and temperature, on the drying rate and shrinkage of hawthorn was studied. The hawthorn fruit was dried at various drying air temperatures ranging from 40-70oC and drying air volume f...

Background: The post-harvesting process of medicinal plants such as drying operation and storage conditions has great influence on their quality and quantity of the active ingredients. Objective: The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of pre-drying operation and also storage conditions and duration on the essential oil content and composition of Thymus daenensis. Methods: A ...

The effect of microwave and blanch pretreatments on the drying kinetics and quality of white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) was investigated. Yam cubes destined for hot air drying at temperatures 70-90°C were predried in a domestic microwave or blanched in hot water for 1-5 min. Microwave pretreatment time had a positive significant effect on drying rate but both pretreatments had a negative influen...

Turkish hazel (Corylus colurna) lumber with a nominal thickness of 5 cm from the Kastamonu region, Turkey, was dried through conventional kiln drying using two different programs, a nonprotective drying schedule and a protective drying schedule. The goal of the study was to obtain a kiln schedule that would maintain wood quality and also save drying time until a final moisture content of 8 ± 2%...