There are 5 formulas in the language of the Turing degrees, D, with ,_ and ^, that de…ne the relations x00 y00, x00 = y00 and so x 2 L2(y) = fx yjx00 = y00g in any jump ideal containing 0(!). There are also 6& 6 and 8 formulas that de…ne the relations w = x00 and w = x0, respectively, in any such ideal I. In the language with just the quanti…er complexity of each of these de…nitions increases b...

We study the computational complexity of reciprocal sentences with quanti ed antecedents. We observe a computational dichotomy between di erent interpretations of reciprocity, and shed some light on the status of the so-called Strong Meaning Hypothesis.

General equations and numerical tables are developed for quanti®cation of the probabilities of sequentially dependent repeatable human errors. Such errors are typically associated with testing, maintenance or calibration (called apre-accidento or apre-initiatoro tasks) of redundant safety systems. Guidance is presented for incorporating dependent events in large system fault tree analysis using...

When trying to solve quanti ed constraints (i.e., rst-order formulas over the real numbers) exactly, one faces the following problems: First, constants coming from measurements are often only approximately given. Second, solving such constraints is in general undecidable and for special cases highly complex. Third, exact solutions are often extremely complicated symbolic expressions. In this pa...

The paper presents a tableau calculus for a linear time tem poral logic for reasoning about processes and events in concurrent sys tems The logic is based on temporal connectives in the style of Transac tion Logic BK and explicit quanti cation over states The language extends rst order logic with sequential and parallel conjunction parallel disjunction and temporal implication Explicit quanti c...

We describe an extension of graphplan to a subset of ADL that allows conditional and universally quanti ed e ects in operators in such a way that almost all interesting properties of the original graph plan algorithm are preserved

Mycelial biomass estimates in soils are usually obtained by measuring total hyphal length or by measuring the amount of fungal-specific biomarkers such as ergosterol and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). These methods determine the biomass of the fungal community as a whole and do not allow species-specific identification. Molecular methods based on the extraction of total soil DNA and the use ...