We study a basic algorithmic problem in algebraic geometry, which we call NNL, of constructing a normalizing map as per Noether’s Normalization Lemma. For general explicit varieties, as formally defined in this paper, we give a randomized polynomial-time Monte Carlo algorithm for this problem. For some interesting cases of explicit varieties, we give deterministic quasi-polynomial time algorith...

A novel air-coupled ultrasound (ACU) 120 kHz normal transmission system enabled successful imaging of bonding and saw cut defects in multilayered glulam beams up to 280 mm in height with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 40 dB. The main wave propagation paths were modeled; quasi-longitudinal and quasi-transverse modes were coupled in each lamella and the sound field was found to be shifted from ...

Based on formant measurements of more than 10000 vowels from 16 German speakers, vowel quality di erences between the speakers have been analyzed. The main result of this investigation is that di erent speakers show not only di erent formant values (as one would expect due to individual di erences), but exhibit di erent arrangements in their vowel systems. These di erences are demonstrated by e...

We develop a dimension theory for D-semianalytic sets over an arbitrary non-Archimedean complete field. Our main results are the equivalence of several notions of dimension and a theorem on additivity of dimensions of projections and fibers in characteristic 0. We also prove a parameterized version of normalization for D-semianalytic

Normalisation of environmental data aims at clarifying the human impact on the environment by suppressing meteorologically driven fluctuations and other natural variation in the collected data. This paper shows that the procedures presently used to adjust air and water quality data have a common probabilistic framework. Furthermore, this framework can support a number of new techniques for the ...

The present study introduces a recording technique to maintain all dynamic information of even full-blown emotional speech, and investigates the effect of emotion class, speaker, and sentence type on the amplitude of speech. The results show that the factors emotion class and speaker are highly significant and that the former explains half of the variance while the latter explains only one nint...

As we know that the normalization is a pre-processing stage of any type problem statement. Especially normalization takes important role in the field of soft computing, cloud computing etc. for manipulation of data like scale down or scale up the range of data before it becomes used for further stage. There are so many normalization techniques are there namely Min-Max normalization, Z-score nor...