Electrolyte-gated transistors have been proposed as promising candidates for neuromorphic applications. Synaptic plasticity behaviors and most recently synaptic metaplasticity or of mimicked on electrolyte-gated transistors. In this work, indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film gated with sputtered SiO2 electrolytes are fabricated. Both spiking-width-dependent spiking-height-dependent successfully ...

Animals learn to make predictions, such as associating the sound of a bell with upcoming feeding or predicting a movement that a motor command is eliciting. How predictions are realized on the neuronal level and what plasticity rule underlies their learning is not well understood. Here we propose a biologically plausible synaptic plasticity rule to learn predictions on a single neuron level on ...

Auditory information relayed by auditory nerve fibers and somatosensory information relayed by granule cell parallel fibers converge on the fusiform cells (FCs) of the dorsal cochlear nucleus, the first brain station of the auditory pathway. In vitro, parallel fiber synapses on FCs exhibit spike-timing-dependent plasticity with Hebbian learning rules, partially mediated by the NMDA receptor (NM...

Vocalization-selective neurons are present in the auditory systems of several vertebrate groups. Vocalization selectivity is influenced by developmental experience, but the underlying mechanisms are only beginning to be understood. Evidence is presented in this review for the hypothesis that plasticity of timing and strength of inhibition is a mechanism for plasticity of vocalization selectivit...

2 Synapses in the brain are bidirectionally modifiable, but the routes of induction are diverse. In various experimental paradigms, NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression (LTD) and long-term potentiation (LTP) have been induced selectively by varying (1) the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neurons during synaptic stimulation of a constant frequency, (2) the rate of synaptic stimula...

The Bienenstock-Cooper-Munroe (BCM) rule is one of the best-established learning formalisms for neural tissue. However, as it is based on pulse rates, it can not account for recent spike-based experimental protocols that have led to spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP) rules. At the same time, STDP is being challenged by experiments exhibiting more complex timing rules (e.g. triplets) as we...

In this study, involvement ofvoltage-dependent calcium channels in LTP of responses of rat visual cortex slices was analyzed. Field potentials including EPSP1 and EPSP2 from layers II/III were recorded through stimulation of layer IV. Whereas nifedipine, a L-type calcium channel blocker (L-VDCC), did not considerably affect the LTP of responses, but Ni2+, a relatively selective blocker of T-typ...

Recent modeling of spike-timing-dependent plasticity indicates that plasticity involves as a third factor a local dendritic potential, besides pre- and postsynaptic firing times. We present a simple compartmental neuron model together with a non-Hebbian, biologically plausible learning rule for dendritic synapses where plasticity is modulated by these three factors. In functional terms, the rul...

Experience-dependent cortical plasticity has been studied by using loss-of-function methods. Here, we take the complementary approach of using a genetic gain-of-function that enhances plasticity. We show that a constitutively active form of H-ras (H-ras(G12V)), expressed presynaptically at excitatory synapses in mice, accelerates and enhances multiple, mechanistically distinct forms of plastici...

Plasticity in the brain reaches far beyond a mere changing of synaptic strengths. Recent time-lapse imaging in the living brain reveals ongoing structural plasticity by forming or breaking of synapses, motile spines, and re-routing of axonal branches in the developing and adult brain. Some forms of structural plasticity do not follow Hebbian- or anti-Hebbian paradigms of plasticity but rather a...