Although humans are assumed to be rational beings, there has been little consensus regarding the criteria for distinguishing rational from irrational behaviors. For example, overgrazing that often results in a tragedy of the commons is usually considered irrational. A subsequent question may be why there are always some rational people engaging in irrational overgrazing. Based on rationality th...

BACKGROUND The irrational use of drugs was a global problem, especially in developing countries. However, there are no studies available on irrational use of drugs in rural Western China. OBJECTIVE To assess the drug prescribing patterns using World Health Organization Drug Use Indicators at village health clinics in rural areas of Western China. METHODS A total of 20 125 prescriptions were...

I introduce irrational types, who are committed to their demands, into a bargaining model with an uncertain deadline for agreement. Rational agents imitate these demands, hoping to benefit from a “tough” reputation. When irrational types are committed to fixed demands and agents are patient, this provides an explanation for “deadline effects” in bargaining: agreement is “U-shaped”, occurring ei...

this paper presents a rational haar wavelet operational method for solving the inverse laplace transform problemand improves inherent errors from irrational haar wavelet. the approach is thus straightforward, rather simple andsuitable for computer programming. we define that $p$ is the operational matrix for integration of the orthogonalhaar wavelet. simultaneously, simplify the formulaes of li...