Introduction: Recent studies suggest that glucocorticoids modulate memory reconsolidation. Moreover, cholinergic system is involved in memory reconsolidation. Since glucocorticoids interact with brain cholinergic system in modulating memory processing, we investigated whether glucocorticoid influences on the reconsolidation of emotionally arousing training depend on the cholinergic system...

We report a case of early-onset acute Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection after nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation (NST). Reactivation of EBV infection preceded disease onset, and the virus load increased concomitantly with disease progression (doubling time, 2.7 days). This case raises concern about the expanding scope of manifesta...

The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency-associated transcript (LAT) gene is essential for the high spontaneous and induced reactivation phenotype of HSV-1 in the rabbit ocular model and for the high induced reactivation phenotype in the mouse ocular model. Recently we showed that LAT has an antiapoptosis function, and we hypothesized that LAT's ability to inhibit apoptosis played an imp...

The field of herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency and reactivation has been marked by controversy, which is not unexpected considering the complexities of the biology involved. While controversy is an important tool for digging to the bottom of difficult issues, we propose that unproductive conflict in the field arises in part from poorly defined terminology and the need for a collective framewor...

Careful studies of mouse trigeminal ganglia (TG) latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) indicate the presence of productive cycle viral gene products and persistent immune response, suggesting ongoing spontaneous viral reactivation in these tissues. In the present study we set out to determine whether infectious virus is present in murine TG latently infected with HSV-1 (KOS...

BACKGROUND There are no convincing data supporting the routine use of pre-emptive therapy against HBV reactivation in various loco-regional therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated the incidence, severity and risk factors of HBV reactivation during loco-regional therapies. METHODS A total of 205 prospectively enrolled patients were classified in order of increasin...

Drake, John W. (University of Illinois, Urbana). Multiplicity reactivation of Newcastle disease virus. J. Bacteriol. 84:352-356. 1962.-A very weak multiplicity reactivation occurs among Newcastle disease virus particles inactivated by ultraviolet irradiation. The preliminary steps in the infection of embryonic chicken fibroblasts are complex, and their relation to multiplicity reactivation is d...

Disrupting the reactivation of hippocampal neurons during sleep impairs memory consolidation in rats. However, the functional importance of reactivation during awake states is unknown. An experiment in which awake reactivation was disrupted suggests that this phenomenon could adaptively guide behavior by linking previous learning with the current state of the world.

Several studies have demonstrated that localized heating of tree stems induces localized cambial reactivation. We analyzed by light microscopy the effects of early spring increases in ambient temperature in 2005 and 2007 on the timing of cambial reactivation and xylem differentiation in stems of two trees of a cloned deciduous hardwood hybrid poplar (Populus sieboldii Miquel. x P. grandidentata...

Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (gammaHV68) infection of mice results in the establishment of a chronic infection, which is largely maintained through latent infection of B lymphocytes. Acute virus replication is almost entirely cleared by 2 weeks postinfection. Spontaneous reactivation of gammaHV68 from latently infected splenocytes upon ex vivo culture can readily be detected at the early stages o...