Global models are useful in the analysis of fusion reactors due to the facility in computing and presenting the results in terms of comprehensive parameters. A general figure of merit, which encompasses all the relevant tokamak parameters, is introduced in this article by a convenient normalization of the global power balance equation. In this way, different hypothetical tokamak reactors can be...

In Mexico, atrazine is widely used in agriculture to control broadleaf weeds. The objective of this research was compare removal water and energy consumption between an up-flow cylinder electro-oxidation reactor (UCER) rectangular (URER) using the response surface methodology. each reactor, two titanium (Ti) mesh electrodes (cathodes) one Titanium-Lead Dioxide (Ti-PbO2) electrode (anode). Curre...

Non thermal plasma (NTP) reactors packed with non-catalytic or catalytic packing material have been widely used for the abatement of volatile organic compounds such as toluene, benzene, etc. Packed bed reactors are single stage reactors where the packing material is placed directly in the plasma discharge region. The presence of packing material can alter the physical (such as discharge charact...

An acceptable long-term solution for used (spent) fuel from nuclear power reactors has evaded all countries engaged in the civilian nuclear fuel cycle. Furthermore, many countries are trying to develop interim storage solutions that address the shortage of storage in the spent fuel cooling pools at reactors. The United States has a particularly acute problem due to its adherence to an open fuel...

In the first and second stage nuclear program of Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), technologies are matured for Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) and Sodium-Cooled Fast Breeder Reactors (FBRs). Pre-service-Inspection (PSI), In-Service-Inspection (ISI) and Post-Irradiation-Examination (PIE) procedures are carried out for mechanical components and structures/assemblies of these reactors, ...

The effect of sulfide toxicity on kinetic parameters of anaerobic organic matter removal in a UASB (up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactor is presented. Two lab-scale UASB reactors (10.5 L) were operated continuously during 12 months. The reactors were fed with synthetic wastes prepared daily using glucose, ammonium acetate, methanol and nutrient solution. One of the reactors also received i...

Immobilized enzymatic reactors recently have drawn much attention because of the striking advantages, such as high substrate turnover rate and ease in coupling with the separation and detection systems. Carrier materials, which have great effects on the development of the immobilized enzymatic reactors, have always being the focus of study. In this paper, the contributions, mainly in the last 5...

The objective of this study was to characterize the morphology, size-distribution, concentration and genome size of virus-like particles (VLPs) in two acetate-fed Methanosaeta-dominated reactors to better understand the possible correlation between viruses and archaeal hosts. The study reactors were dominated by a single genus of acetoclastic methanogen, Methanosaeta, which was present at 6 to ...

The performance of an anaerobic digestion fed with waste activated sludge (WAS) pretreated with NaOH was examined. The sludge was periodically collected from a municipal wastewater-treatment plant. The laboratory work was run in four 1-1 semi-continuous anaerobic digestion reactors. Reactor A was fed with untreated WAS at 1% total solids (TS). The other three reactors, B, C and D, were respecti...

Catalytic membrane reactors which carry out separation and reaction in a single unit are expected to be a promising approach to achieve green and sustainable chemistry with less energy consumption and lower pollution. This article presents a review of the recent progress of dense ceramic catalytic membranes and membrane reactors, and their potential applications in energy and environmental area...