Abstract Innate immune sensing of microbial and endogenous ligands by Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 drives inflammation antimicrobial mechanisms. While critical for host defense against pathogens, unchecked TLR4 activation causes organ damage chronic disease. Molecular mechanisms that drive versus turn off activity are being pursued as potential targets preventing treating infections inflammation-...

Abstract Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) form a large subfamily of proteins in plants. RLCKs are known to regulate plant immunity bacterial and fungal pathogens. In this study, we analyzed the genome-wide complement maize RLCK genes conducted detailed studies on one RLCK. The genome encodes 192 that largely mirror family other Previous implicated Arabidopsis BOTRYTIS INDUCED KINASE1 (...

Ligand binding to the membrane receptor for EGF induces its clustering and internalization. Both receptor and ligand are then degraded by lysosomal enzymes. A kinase defective point mutant (K721A) of EGF receptor undergoes internalization similarly to the wild-type receptor. However, while internalized EGF molecules bound to either the wild-type or mutant receptors are degraded, the K721A mutan...

We studied the biochemical properties of a plant receptor-like kinase to gain insights into the regulatory mechanism of this largest class of plant kinases. SYMRK (symbiosis receptor kinase) is required for early signal transduction leading to plant root symbioses with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and phosphate-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Amino acid substitutions in positions critical f...