Extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) are excreted via effluents and sewage into the environment where they can re-contaminate humans and animals. The aim of this observational study was to detect and quantify ESBL-EC in recreational water and wastewater, and perform a genetic and phenotypic comparative analysis of the environmental strains with geographically assoc...

Sanitary inspection, water quality determination and data analysis and interpretation are essential elements in characterising the microbiological safety of water in recreational areas. Sanitary inspection is a necessary adjunct to water microbiological analysis. A well-conducted sanitary inspection can identify sources of microbiological hazards, microbiological water quality data confirm the ...

Untreated sewage has adversely affected the quality of marine recreational waters worldwide. Exposure to marine recreational water with poor microbial quality may pose a threat to bathers. The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of physicochemical parameters on Cryptosporidium and Giardia presence in marine recreational water of Sinaloa, Mexico, by Logistic Regression Analyses. T...

Large accumulations of algae, or harmful algal blooms (HABs), can release toxins and contribute to oxygen-depleted " dead zones " in waters, causing human health problems and disrupting food webs. 1 Costs associated with closed fisheries and beaches caused by marine HABs total at least $82 million annually 2 ; freshwater HABs can complicate water treatment and decrease recreational revenue, acc...

This work evaluates the chemical and bacteriological qualities of the recreational waters of the Sauce Grande lagoon (Argentina). Samples were taken between March 2002 and December 2003. Ninety-six samples from three sampling stations were analyzed in order to determine the density of aerobic heterotrophic microorganisms, the presence of sulphite-reducing clostridia, and the most probable numbe...

The present study was designed to develop a novel, rapid, direct DNA-based protocol to enumerate aeromonads in recreational waters. An Aeromonas genus-specific real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) protocol was developed and optimized using newly designed genus-specific oligonucleotide primers derived from the gyrase B subunit (GyrB) gene. A standard curve was developed based...

BACKGROUND Activities such as swimming, paddling, motor-boating, and fishing are relatively common on US surface waters. Water recreators have a higher rate of acute gastrointestinal illness, along with other illnesses including respiratory, ear, eye, and skin symptoms, compared to non-water recreators. The quantity and costs of such illnesses are unknown on a national scale. METHODS Recreati...

Microbial contamination affects a large number of water bodies in the US. Because it is not feasible to directly monitor all pathogens, it is standard practice to monitor fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), such as total and fecal coliforms, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, and fecal enterococci, in water. Epidemiological studies have established human health standards based on exposure t...

Atlantic white marlin (Tetrapturus albidus Poey, 1860) are targeted by a directed recreational fishery and occur as incidental bycatch in commercial fisheries throughout the warm pelagic waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Total reported recreational and commercial landings of white marlin peaked at 4911 metric tons (t) in the mid-1960s, declined steadily during the next 15 years, and have since fluc...