Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infectious diseases of humans, with approximately 150 million cases estimated to occur globally every year. UTIs usually start as a bladder infection (cystitis), but can develop into acute kidney infection (pyelonephritis) and even infection of the bloodstream (urosepsis). The high frequency of UTIs in community and nosocomial settings ...

OBJECTIVES The diagnosis and management of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young children are clinically challenging. This report was developed to inform the revised, evidence-based, clinical guideline regarding the diagnosis and management of initial UTIs in febrile infants and young children, 2 to 24 months of age, from the American Academy of Pediatrics Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infec...

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections, and over 50% of women will have a UTI during their lifetimes. Antibiotics are used for prophylaxis of recurrent UTIs but can lead to emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is reasonable to investigate nutritional strategies for prevention of UTIs. Cranberry juices and supplements have been u...

OBJECTIVE To undertake a meta-analysis of published data on the effect of circumcision on the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) in boys. DATA SOURCES Randomised controlled trials and observational studies comparing the frequency of UTI in circumcised and uncircumcised boys were identified from the Cochrane controlled trials register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, reference lists of retrieved articles,...

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections. Since antibiotics are given empirically, it is necessary to assess the distribution and susceptibility of the microorganisms in each case. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the demographic characteristics of ambulatory patients with UTI, the distribution and susceptibility of uropathogens, and the risk factors associated ...

We have established a novel strategy to reduce the risk for recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), where rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance poses a major threat. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) protects the host against symptomatic infections with more virulent strains. To mimic this protective effect, we deliberately establish ABU in UTI-pron...

OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of cranberry extract with low-dose trimethoprim in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in older women. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and thirty-seven women with two or more antibiotic-treated UTIs in the previous 12 months were randomized to receive either 500 mg of cranberry extract or 100 mg of trimethoprim for 6 months. R...

BACKGROUND Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are major bacterial agent of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). This infection is more prevalent among women because approximately half of all women will experience a UTI in their life-time and near a quarter of them will have a recurrent infection within 6-12 months. IutA protein has a major role during UPEC pathogenesis and consequently infection. ...

Diagnosis • History. Diagnosis is made primarily by history. In women with dysuria and frequency, in the absence of vaginitis, the diagnosis is UTI 80% of the time [evidence: C*]. • Phone triage. In women with prior history of uncomplicated UTI's, consider phone triage [C*]. • Urinalysis. Urinalysis for detection of pyuria by dipstick or microscope has a sensitivity of 8090% and a specificity o...

PURPOSE We present the management of 17 cases of urethral diverticulum in our department. We describe the various clinical presentations of urethral diverticulum, which may mimic other pelvic floor disorders and result in diagnostic delay. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed 17 cases of urethral diverticulum presented to the urogynaecology department between January 2006 and February 2011 retro...