Migration, Self-Selection, and Income Distributions: Evidence from Rural and Urban China As massive rural residents leave their home countryside for better employment, migration has profound effects on income distributions such as rural-urban income gap and inequalities within rural or urban areas. The nature of the effects depends crucially on who are migrating and their migrating patterns. In...

Migration is an important process of change for rural populations in developing countries. Migration is a primary cause of behaviour change—by their very act of migrating, migrants are different from those who do not migrate. The focus of the current study is male rural–urban migration in Tanzania and its interaction with sexual behaviour. The analysis presents results from a comparison with in...

Since the mid-1980s, hundreds of millions of Chinese rural laborers have left the countryside to work in towns and cities and it is projected that this number will grow. The current rural-urban migration tide in China may be one of history’s biggest labor movements, however, it has not been fully studied due to limited data availability. This paper uses the micro level data that cover the broad...

OBJECTIVES To examine the prevalence of seizures, epilepsy and seropositivity to cysticercosis in rural villagers (cysticercosis-endemic setting), rural-to-urban migrants into a non-endemic urban shanty town and urban inhabitants of the same non-endemic shanty town. METHODS Three Peruvian populations (n = 985) originally recruited into a study about chronic diseases and migration were studied...

Massive rural-urban temporary migration has taken place amid China's rapid economic growth and development. Much has been written about the economic causes and consequences of this massive migration; less studied are the potential health and behavioral impacts of migration on migrants. Using data from a population-based sample survey conducted in southwestern China, this paper examines the pote...

introduction although based on the development literature, achieving sustainable development is one of the most important aims of many developed as well as developing countries, institutional experts argue that development of various institutions could be the base point in these countries. labor market, one of the most important institutions, with a comprehensive look at this market and the geo...

BACKGROUND Fracture risk is rising in countries undergoing rapid rural to urban migration, but whether this reflects an adverse effect of urbanization on intrinsic bone strength, as reflected by bone mineral density (BMD), is currently unknown. METHODS Lumbar spine (LS) and total hip (TH) BMD, and total body fat and lean mass, were obtained from DXA scans performed in the Hyderabad arm of the...

This paper provides some of the rst evidence that rural development policies can have fundamental e ects on the reallocation of labor between rural and urban areas. It studies the spillover e ects of the world's largest rural workfare program, India's rural employment guarantee. We nd that the workfare program has substantial consequences: it reduces short-term (or seasonal) migration to urban ...

This paper provides a history of the early contributions to the scientific study of migration. We begin with Ravenstein (1880s) and also feature the work of D.S. Thomas (1930s). Moreover, the development of the gravity model as applied to migration research (1930s and 1940s) is discussed. We discuss the historical reasons for interest in various migration phenomena, and we briefly treat the dev...