VarioCam technology allows adjustment of the camshaft angle and is set to provide optimum performance for each Porsche engine. For example, in the Boxster, the camshaft angle can be adjusted by as much as 40 degrees compared to the crankshaft, reducing charge cycle losses, improving power, fuel consumption and keeping exhaust emissions to a minimum. In the Cayenne, an adjustment of up to 25 deg...

Analysis and optimization of simulation-generated data have myriads of scientific and industrial applications. Fuel consumption and emissions over the entire drive cycle of a large fleet of vehicles is an example of such an application and the focus of this study. Temporal variation of fuel consumption and emissions in an automotive engine are functions of over twenty variables. Determining rel...

Auxiliary power units (APUs) are widely used for electric power generation in various types of electric vehicles, improvements in fuel economy and emissions of these vehicles directly depend on the operating point of the APUs. In order to balance the conflicting goals of fuel consumption and emissions reduction in the process of operating point choice, the APU operating point optimization probl...

The depletion of world petroleum reserves and the increased environmental concerns have stimulated the search for alternative sources for petroleum-based fuel, including diesel fuels. Because of the closer properties, biodiesel fuel from non-edible oil is considered as the best candidate for diesel fuel substitute in diesel engines. With increasing demand on the use of fossil fuels, stronger th...

The cost of providing air transportation for passengers and cargo to, from, and within the European Union was scheduled to increase in 2012 due to the EU Emission Trading Scheme. The European Union (EU) has legislated that aircraft landing or taking off from EU airports are subjected to the Emission Trading System (ETS) and are levied a charge for the estimated amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) ge...

this paper studies the modeling and optimization of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of eggplant production using artificial neural network and multi-objective genetic algorithm in guilan province of iran. results showed that the highest share of energy consumption belongs to diesel fuel (49.24%); followed by nitrogen (33.30%). the results indicated that a total energy input of 13910.67 ...

In this research, the energy flow and production energy indices of canola cultivation in Trakya province of Turkey, Golestan and Mazandaran provinces of Iran were compared. Diesel fuel and chemical fertilizer inputs were the highest consumer of energy in the production of canola in these three regions. The results indicated that despite the higher energy use of machinery in Trakya province of T...

The present study focuses on the optimization in the use of non-petroleum fuel derived from waste fish oil fuels, as a replacement for petroleum diesel fuel for compression ignition engine. The study comprises of comparison between results of fish oil biodiesel-diesel blends on a compression ignition engine. Fuel properties such as viscosity, density, heat value of fuel, cetane number and a fla...

Traffic simulation systems are widely used for the prediction of certain effects like traffic jam formation or the analysis of performance for new traffic light systems. Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions are important measurements. This work integrates a physical model for fuel consumption into a microscopic traffic simulation system for urban scenarios. The parameters of the model are discuss...

The obesity epidemic and global warming are linked through energy use. A personal carbon trading scheme aimed at reducing fossil fuel usage could act as a "stealth intervention" for reducing obesity by increasing personal energy use. Such a scheme would complement a corporate "cap and trade" system for carbon emissions, which should increase the relative price of processed, energy-dense foods. ...