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Football referees are responsible for the game order during match, they must decide by quickly resolving controversial positions. For this reason, it is very important to examine and discuss facts minimize negativities in decision-making factors of referees. The aim study effect level occupational burnout suffered football on job performance context TFF 8th region purpose, Maslach Burnout Inven...

While a large social-choice-theoretic literature discusses the aggregation of individual judgments into collective ones, there is much less formal work on the transformation of judgments in group communication. I develop a model of judgment transformation and prove a baseline impossibility theorem: Any judgment transformation function satisfying some initially plausible conditions is the identi...

This study looks at the visual scan patterns of high-class basketball referees. Using mobile eye-tracking devices, referees’ gaze behavior was analyzed during execution three-point shots in official pre-season games Germany’s men’s professional league. We evaluated extent to which referees fulfill tasks assigned them, where do they look, and what does their overlap a shot. Results indicate that...

This study investigated the association between referee efficacy and self-reported coping with external stressors among elite handball football referees. The participants were 224 Norwegian referees of (n = 111, m age 35.3 years, 13.5% females) (113, 30.8 8% who had been for an average 14.4 years (sd 7.77 years; min: 4, max: 37) a at present level 6.8 6.20 1, 32). Referee self-efficacy was meas...

Helsen et al. (2006) observed that during the 2002 FIFA World Cup 26.2% of all the offside situations were assessed incorrectly. For this reason, FIFA made a lot of efforts to decrease the errors when judging offside. The aim of the present study was to analyse all the offside situations during the 2006 World Cup and to make a comparison with the 2002 World Cup. Across the 64 matches, we analys...