The incidence of hospitalization for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a useful parameter to assess the utility of the new rotavirus vaccines in high-income countries. Children hospitalized for AGE were identified by searching hospital discharge data and the records of the microbiology laboratory of Hospital Donostia. Rotavirus antigen was investigated in 96.1% of the 1114 children aged 1 month to...

In the present study we investigated the swelling characteristics of fresh camel and bovine cornea in sodium salt solutions. Swelling studies were carried out at 20 minutes, 14 hours, and 46 hours on five fresh camel and 5 five fresh bovine corneas. During the 20-minute hydration of fresh corneal stroma was investigated using sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO(3)), sodium acetate...

Infection of the gastrointestinal tract are still amongst the most common infections of childhood. Despite improvements in the standard of living over the last fifty years, gastroenteritis still constitutes a sizeable amount of general practitioner consult­ ations and hospital admissions. Although most infections are mild and self-limiting with the minimum of active treatment, a small proportio...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the problems, benefits, feasibility, and sustainability of implementation of WHO guidelines on management of severe malnutrition. METHODS A postal survey invited staff from 12 African hospitals to participate in the study. Five hospitals were evaluated and two were selected to take part in the study: a district hospital in South Africa and a mission hospital in Ghana....

OBJECTIVE Despite evidence supporting its use, nasogastric rehydration is rarely used in North America. We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional, 3-phase study to evaluate current perspectives. METHODS We compared the proportions of respondents in favor of nasogastric (as opposed to intravenous) rehydration, should oral rehydration fail, between clinicians and caregivers. Phase 1: caregive...

In this study we determined the influence of different sugar concentration in media, time of rehydration and type of strain on relative expression level of GPD1 and SIP18 genes of active dry cider-making yeast strains, followed by the assessment of the impact of rehydration on the fermentation process. High expression of SIP18 at the beginning of rehydration was shown to be due to high transcri...

BMJ 1991;302:88-9 Oral rehydration solutions are highly effective for treating most patients with dehydration due to diarrhoea. Early formulations contained glucose and three salts: sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium chloride. Subsequently, a formulation containing trisodium citrate dihydrate instead of sodium bicarbonate was shown to be more stable under high humidity and tempe...