Despite recent technological advances in genomic sciences, our understanding of cancer progression and its driving genetic alterations remains incomplete. Here, we introduce TiMEx, a generative probabilistic model for detecting patterns of various degrees of mutual exclusivity across genetic alterations, which can indicate pathways involved in cancer progression. TiMEx explicitly accounts for t...

Congress is current considering legislation that would create a regulatory pathway for follow-on biologics. One critical issue in this regard is the issue of data exclusivity for innovators. This is an important form of intellectual property that complements patent protection. Data exclusivity is the period of time before a follow-on competitor can enter the market with an abbreviated filing th...

Variations in Time ofMarket Exclusivity Among Top-Selling Prescription Drugs in theUnited States In the United States, effective market exclusivity for a prescription drug is the time between US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval and the availability of the first generic version. Market exclusivity incorporates the minimum regulatory exclusivity periods granted to all FDA-approved drug...

1. Summary of the theory and issues Young children's rapid acquisition of words and language suggests that they use word learning rules and tools to aid in their fast learning. Recent studies about word learning have proposed that specific principles or tools may be utilized in children's language learning including the mutual exclusivity principle and the whole-part juxtaposition principle. Th...

Futures exchanges and other financial intermediaries assume counterparty risks and demand in return guarantees that these counterparties will deliver on their promises. It is often argued that to attract volume, financial intermediaries would settle for excessively low contractual guarantees. In Tano Santos and José Scheinkman (2001) we model financial intermediation in an environment where tra...

The paper studies the effects of non-exclusivity of credit card contracts on the provision of insurance through the institution of personal bankruptcy. In our model, lenders can continually observe borrower’s time-varying creditworthiness and provide credit to them by undercutting (poaching) the existing lender(s). Contracts are non-exclusive and, to rollover their debt, borrowers may accept mu...

The diversity of base learners is of utmost importance to a good ensemble. This paper defines a novel measurement of diversity, termed as exclusivity. With the designed exclusivity, we further propose an ensemble SVM classifier, namely Exclusivity Regularized Machine (ExRM), to jointly suppress the training error of ensemble and enhance the diversity between bases. Moreover, an Augmented Lagran...

The work introduces a simple framework to study the relationship between competition and incentives under non-exclusivity. We characterize the equilibria of an insurance market where intermediaries compete over the contracts they offer to a single consumer in the presence of moral hazard. Non-exclusivity is responsible for under-insurance and positive profits in an otherwise competitive set-up....