In this paper we study the relative entropy rate between a homogeneous Markov chain and a hidden Markov chain defined by observing the output of a discrete stochastic channel whose input is the finite state space homogeneous stationary Markov chain. For this purpose, we obtain the relative entropy between two finite subsequences of above mentioned chains with the help of the definition of...

in order to study physiological characteristics of rainfed bread wheat genotypes, an experiment was conducted with 20 genotypes in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions. this experiment was carried out at the dryland agricultural research institute (dari) in maragheh during 2007-2008. to determine growth indices, sampling wa...

We investigate the structure of the Minkowski sum of standard simplices in R. In particular, we investigate the one-dimensional structure, the vertices, their degrees and the edges in the Minkowski sum polytope. 2000 MSC: 52B05, 52B11, 05C07.

Let A be a finite nonempty set of integers. An asymptotic estimate of several dilates sum size was obtained by Bukh. The unique known exact bound concerns the sum |A + k ·A|, where k is a prime and |A| is large. In its full generality, this bound is due to Cilleruelo, Serra and the first author. Let k be an odd prime and assume that |A| > 8kk. A corollary to our main result states that |2 · A +...

Recently, Eisenbrand, Pach, Rothvoß, and Sopher studied the function M(m, n), which is the largest cardinality of a convexly independent subset of the Minkowski sum of some planar point sets P and Q with |P | = m and |Q| = n. They proved that M(m, n) = O(m2/3n2/3+m+n), and asked whether a superlinear lower bound exists for M(n, n). In this note, we show that their upper bound is the best possib...