This paper presents findings of a study on optimization and application of the regenerated bone char media for the defluoridation of drinking water in Tanzania where more than 30% of all water sources have fluoride concentrations above the 1.50 mg/I which is recommended by the World Heath Organization (WHO). In this study, regeneration temperature, regeneration duration, contact time, regenerat...

India is among 23 nations where in a large population suffers from dental and skeletal flourosis due to high fluoride concentration in ground water. The prominent states, which are severely affected, are Andhrapradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Fluoride beyond desirable amounts (0.6 to 1.5 mg/l) in ground water is a major problem in many parts of the world. Taking the se...

Fluorosed maturation stage enamel is hypomineralized in part due to a delay in the removal of matrix proteins to inhibit final crystal growth. The delay in protein removal is likely related to reduced expression of kallikrein-related peptidase 4 (KLK4), resulting in a reduced matrix proteinase activity that found in fluorosed enamel. Klk4 transcription is known to be regulated in other cell typ...

In this study, we used a novel composite material based on magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) to explore the retention of fluoride from water. Dead-burned oxide (MgO), ammonium dihydrogen (NH4H2PO4), and few retarders were create particular substance. Several studies have corroborated performance using aluminum in capture fluoride. From perspective, attempted reinforce our matrix with different q...