This Special Issue has focused on symmetry in renewable energy and systems II—including wind fluid power [...]

Engineered geothermal systems (EGS) present an opportunity to expand the implementation of geothermal power. There has been some interest in the possible application of CO2 as a heat extraction fluid in these systems instead of water, due to a variety of inherent benefits, including being a nonpolar fluid, low viscosity at the temperatures and pressures within the reservoir and a large buoyancy...

An Offshore China/South China Sea operator wanted to optimize the use of rotary steerable drilling assembly, simplify and reduce operational steps, and provide a larger reservoir wellbore. The operator elected to drill a single 8.5” wellbore and, in order to address a variety of issues and potential problems, change from a Cloud Point Glycol Drilling Fluid to a DrillIn Fluid (DIF) at the reserv...

It is not possible to directly measure the total mass of gas and liquid in the annulus and geological properties of the reservoir during petroleum exploration and production drilling. Therefore, these parameters and states must be estimated by online estimators with proper measurements. This paper describes a nonlinear Moving Horizon Observer to estimate the annular mass of gas and liquid, and ...

Shale gas currently provides 20% of domestic supply, is targeted by half of the gas-directed drilling rigs, and represents the large majority of domestic resources. However, modern shale plays, their development strategies and their engineering analysis are young by comparison to those of conventional reservoirs. Uncertainty in shale gas reserves has significant implications at both the micro a...

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Reservoir characterization has a leading role in the reservoir geophysics and reservoir management. Since the interests of the reservoir geophysics and reservoir managements are the elastic properties and reservoir properties of the subsurface rock for their purposes, a robust method is required for converting seismic data into elastic properties. Accordingly, by employing a rock physics model ...

Time-lapse 3-D seismic monitoring of subsurface rock property changes incurred during reservoir fluid-flow processes is an emerging new diagnostic technology for optimizing hydrocarbon production. I discuss the physical theory relevant for three-phase fluid flow in a producing oil reservoir, and rock physics transformations of fluid-flow pressure, temperature and pore-fluid saturation values to...