Resistant hypertension is an increasingly common medical problem, and patients with this condition are at a high risk of cardiovascular events. The prevalence of resistant hypertension is unknown, but data from clinical trials suggest that 20% to 30% of hypertensive individuals may be resistant to antihypertensive treatment. The evaluation of these patients is focused on identifying true resist...

Resistant hypertension has for many decades been defined as difficult-to-treat hypertension in order to identify patients who may benefit from special diagnostic and/or therapeutic considerations. Recently, the term "refractory hypertension" has been proposed as a novel phenotype of antihypertensive failure, that is, patients whose blood pressure cannot be controlled with maximal treatment. Ear...

Renal Artery Stenosis (RAS) occupies a prominent place among the secondary causes of arterial hypertension (HTA), in particular resistant.

Arterial hypertension remains a primary global health problem with significant impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The low rate of hypertension control and failure to achieve target blood pressure levels particularly among high-risk patients with resistant hypertension has triggered renewed interest in unravelling the underlying mechanisms to implement therapeutic approaches for b...

Renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) opens new perspectives and possibilities not only in the treatment of resistant hypertension but also of other cardiometabolic diseases. In patients with hypertension, it has been demonstrated that activity of the sympathetic nervous system correlates with grade of hypertension. Decreasing sympathetic activity using RSD significantly reduces blood pressure in...

Resistant hypertension in adolescents is increasing in frequency and is increasingly recognized as having significant short- and long-term health consequences. It may be seen in up to 30% of all hypertensive patients cared for. Adolescents with resistant hypertension are at higher cardiovascular (CV) risk due to a long history of severe hypertension complicated by other CV risk factors such as ...

BACKGROUND Resistant hypertension is a well recognized clinical entity, which has been inadequately researched to date. METHODS A multivariable Cox model was developed to identify baseline predictors of developing resistant hypertension among 3666 previously untreated Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcome Trial (ASCOT) patients and construct a risk score to identify those at high risk. Secondary...

Resistant hypertension-uncontrolled hypertension with 3 or more antihypertensive agents-is increasingly common in clinical practice. Clinicians should exclude pseudoresistant hypertension, which results from nonadherence to medications or from elevated blood pressure related to the white coat syndrome. In patients with truly resistant hypertension, thiazide diuretics, particularly chlorthalidon...

Hypertension is a major cause and contributor to stroke, heart and kidney disease. Despite the development of an arsenal of medication to treat hypertension over the past half-century, adequate treatment continues to be a major problem in the United States. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III) shows that only 29% of hypertensive patients reach a blood pressure...

Resistant hypertension is the term used for patients who are tolerant to a maximum of three doses of antihypertensive drugs, where one of them is a diuretic. Resistant hypertension also applies to patients who are unable to reach the target blood pressure. Patients with resistant hypertension are at a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than those whose hypertension is control...