1.1 Mechanical ventilation Mechanical ventilation is often employed to replace spontaneous breathing of patients under general anesthesia. Even after operation, the patient still needs ventilation support until the respiratory muscles regain full function. A ventilator delivers a certain amount of air flow through a facial mask or tracheal tube to the patient whose respiratory system fails to f...

Little is known about how the mode of respiratory virus transmission determines the dynamics of primary infection and protection from reinfection. Using non-invasive imaging of murine parainfluenza virus 1 (Sendai virus) in living mice, we determined the frequency, timing, dynamics, and virulence of primary infection after contact and airborne transmission, as well as the tropism and magnitude ...

UNLABELLED Several studies have described nonuniform blurring of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) due to respiration. This article describes a technique for correcting the respiration effect and assesses its effectiveness in clinical studies. METHODS Simulated phantoms, physical phantoms, and patient scans were used in this study. A heart phantom, which oscillated back and forth, was used t...

Viruses account for the majority of the acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) globally with a mortality exceeding 4 million deaths per year. The most commonly encountered viruses, in order of frequency, include influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza and adenovirus. Current evidence suggests that the major mode of transmission of ARls is through large droplets, but transmissio...

We have studied the time course of changes in gas exchange and respiratory mechanics using two different modes of ventilation during 7 h of isoflurane anaesthesia in pigs. One group received conventional control mode ventilation (CV). The other group received biologically variable ventilation (BVV) which simulates the breath-to-breath variation in ventilatory frequency (f) that characterizes no...

BACKGROUND Perinatal asphyxia is associated with cardiac dysfunction. This may be secondary to myocardial ischaemia. Cardiac troponin T is the ideal marker for myocardial necrosis. Elevated levels in cord blood may be associated with intrauterine hypoxia and increased perinatal morbidity. AIMS To establish an upper limit of normal for cardiac troponin T concentration in the cord blood of infa...

Premature delivery, is always associated to the failure of respiratory transition and a delayed achievement of an adequate functional residual capacity. For this reason preterm babies (expecially the Extremely Low for Gestational Age -ELGAinfants) frequently need a respiratory support. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is widespread used in the management of respiratory distress even in ELGA infan...

In order to successfully ablate moving tumours in robotic radiosurgery, respiratory motion prediction is needed to compensate time delays. In this context, recent studies revealed a high potential of support vector regression (SVR). However, high computational cost is one major drawback, particularly caused by batch mode training. We evaluate two approaches to reduce the update rate as well as ...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the nature of associations between selected dentofacial morphological variables and respiratory mode as measured by percent nasality (%N) as part of an ongoing longitudinal study. DESIGN Cross-sectional cohort study. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION The Pediatric Clinical Study Center, Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH. Ninety-eight no...