We consider the problem of designing policies for Markov decision processes (MDPs) with dynamic coherent risk objectives and constraints. begin by formulating in a Lagrangian framework. Under assumption that constraints can be represented transition mapping, we propose an optimization-based method to synthesize Markovian lower-bound constrained risk-averse problem. demonstrate formulated optimi...

Many aspects of human motor behavior can be understood using optimality principles such as optimal feedback control. However, these proposed optimal control models are risk-neutral; that is, they are indifferent to the variability of the movement cost. Here, we propose the use of a risk-sensitive optimal controller that incorporates movement cost variance either as an added cost (risk-averse co...

When a firm finances new project by issuing debt, it has an incentive to invest in excessively high-risk projects because shareholders enjoy all the benefits case is successful but have limited liability when fails. Anticipating such behavior, creditors may require higher interest rate or even refuse provide capital. This debt–equity conflict alleviated fact that most investment decisions are m...

Many men invest in their sisters’ children instead of their wives’. Existing theories addressing such behavior depend on the level of paternity probability in such men’s societies being implausibly low. I link this anthropologically observed investment behavior with the experimentally observed phenomenon that some individuals are ambiguity averse. Arguing that men’s decisions are made under amb...

Investor behavior and investment activities are strongly influenced by the risk tolerance level of individual investors. International evidence suggests that lower risk tolerant investors are generally risk averse. However, their demographic characteristics and socioeconomic factors drive their risk attitudes. This study aims at investigating the critical role that age, gender, marital/social s...

Risk aversion is a common behavior universal to humans and animals alike. Economists have traditionally defined risk preferences by the curvature of the utility function. Psychologists and behavioral economists also make use of concepts such as loss aversion and probability weighting to model risk aversion. Neurophysiological evidence suggests that loss aversion has its origins in relatively an...