In heterogeneous networks (HetNet), it is an important issue to determine a suitable access network for call request to support seamless service and stable connectivity. For moving user equipment (UE), when and how to select a appropriate cell is more challenging. Since relatively long handover (HO) interruption time occurs due to the frequent HO, they experience significantly degraded data rat...

The use of reinforcement learning (RL) in multiagent scenarios is challenging. I consider the route choice problem, where drivers must choose routes that minimise their travel times. Here, selfish RL-agents must adapt to each others’ decisions. In this work, I show how the agents can learn (with performance guarantees) by minimising the regret associated with their decisions, thus achieving the...

Software Engineering (SE) and Usability Engineering (UE) both provide a wide range of elaborated process models to create software solutions. Today, many companies have understood that a systematic and structured approach to usability is as important as the process of software development itself. However, theory and practice is still scarce how to incorporate UE methods into development process...

Signaling storms are becoming prevalent in mobile networks due to the proliferation of smartphone applications and new network uses, such as machine-to-machine communication, which are designed without due consideration to the signaling overheads associated with the de/allocation of radio resources to User Equipment (UE). In this work, we conduct a set of experiments on a 3G operational mobile ...

Abstract Ten phenolic compounds (PC) concentration levels were determined in river water, wastewater, sediments and sludge using solid phase extraction (SPE) microwave assisted (MAE) ultrasonic (UE), their ecological risk was evaluated. All the methods showed good sensitivity with limit of detection quantification values at 0.01–2.00 0.02–6.07 µg L −1 for SPE, 0.05–1.20 0.17–3.17 kg MAE 0.09–1....

The size of the ‘underground economy’ (UE) is valuable information in the formulation of macroeconomic and fiscal policy. This study applies fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic to model Taiwan’s UE over the period from 1960 to 2003. Two major factors affecting the size of the UE, the effective tax rate and the degree of government regulation, are used. The size of Taiwan’s UE is scaled and compare...

The increase risk of cancer development in patients with inflammatory intestinal disease (IBD) has already studied for decades. The anti-TNF therapy has changed the treatment strategy of IBD. By using on a larger scale and for a longer time, the anti-TNF raised concern over its potential adverse events. A male Crohn’s disease (CD) patient, 55 years old, diagnosed for nine years, treated with in...

Access Network Discovery and Selection Function (ANDSF) defined in the architecture of the Evolved Packet System (EPS) allows the operator to control the user choice of access technology if several non-3GPP access networks are available. The 3GPP specifications define the management objects that can be used by ANDSF and the user equipment (UE), but do not define the structure and format of user...

In the preceding paper, we demonstrated the existence of the dynamic system of the traffic assignment problem (TAP), called J-system, whose steady states are J-equilibria (JE) and only stable steady states are user-equilibria (UE). Based on this new definition of UE, in this paper, we develop algorithms for computing both JE and UE of general transportation networks. To find JE, we can use Newt...

The ability for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) to affect changes in standing posture with functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) was explored using an anatomically inspired musculoskeletal model of the trunk, pelvis and lower extremities (LE). The model tracked trajectories for anteriorly and laterally shifting movements away from erect stance. Forces were applied to both shoulde...