Given that rodents are responsible for nearly 280 million cases of undernutrition worldwide and about 400 people affected by rodent-associated zoonoses annually, management rodent populations agricultural pests and/or reservoirs pathogens is a major food security public health matter. In sub-Saharan Africa, the median crop loss due to 16% in field around 8% during storage. The impact on not wel...

IMPORTANCE Cable grafting is widely considered to be the preferred alternative to primary repair of the injured facial nerve; however, quantitative comparison of the 2 techniques has not been previously undertaken in a rodent model. OBJECTIVE To establish functional recovery parameters after interposition autografting in a rodent facial nerve model. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospec...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES ZCL is a growing threat in many rural areas of Iran which involves 17 out of 31 provinces. This study was conducted from April to November 2011 for evaluation of the efficacy of phostoxin and zinc phosphide against rodents. METHODS Rodent control operations were carried out using phostoxin and zinc phosphide. To evaluate the effect of rodent control operation on the ma...

Nocturnal synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland is controlled by a circadian rhythm in arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) enzyme activity. In the rodent, Aanat gene expression displays a marked circadian rhythm; release of norepinephrine in the gland at night causes a cAMP-based induction of Aanat transcription. However, additional transcriptional control mechanisms exist. Homeobox...

On October 19-21, 2004, the USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) in Fort Collins, CO, hosted the 2nd National Invasive Rodent Summit. The conference was jointly sponsored by the NWRC, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and The Wildlife Society’s Wildlife Damage Management Working Group. The conference was a follow-up to the 2001 “Rat Summit” held in San...

Abstract Rodent population control is a global problem, complicated by evolved non-responsiveness to rodenticide treatment. Contraceptives could help mitigate this challenge, but questions remain about their efficacy, especially for rodenticide-resistant populations. We used an age-dependent demographic model generate two hypotheses: Fertility reduction applied early in female lifetimes (1) mor...

Oxygen is essential for life, and cells have therefore developed numerous adaptive responses to oxygen change. Here, we examined the difference in oxygen-control functions of human (HE), mouse (ME), and Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells cultured under different oxygen conditions (0.5%, 2% and 20%), and also examined whether oxygen tensions contributed to cellular lifespan and transformation. HE...

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in mammalian thermoregulation. The component of BAT mitochondria that permits this function is the inner membrane carrier protein uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). To the best of our knowledge, no studies have directly quantified UCP1 function in human BAT. Further, whether human and rodent BAT have comparable thermogenic function remains unknown. W...

Rodents are widely used to mimic human diseases to improve understanding of the causes and progression of disease symptoms and to test potential therapeutic interventions. Chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes and hypertension, together known as the metabolic syndrome, are causing increasing morbidity and mortality. To control these diseases, research in rodent models that closely mimic th...

Cardiac remodeling and failure are regulated by a myriad of cardiac protein phosphorylations. In the present study, cardiac phosphoprotein patterns were examined in rodent and human hearts Left ventricular tissue samples were obtained from human systolic failing (n = 5) and control (n = 5) hearts and from two rat models of hypertensive heart failure, i.e., spontaneously hypertensive heart failu...