Photonic crystal slab enables us to form an ultrasmall laser cavity with a modal volume close to the diffraction limit of light. However, the thermal resistance of such nanolasers, as high as 10(6) K/W, has prevented continuous-wave operation at room temperature. The present paper reports on the first successful continuous-wave operation at room temperature for the smallest nanolaser reported t...

We present results from cryogenic tests of volume-phase holographic (VPH) gratings at approximately 100 K. The aims of these tests are to see whether the diffraction efficiency as a function of wavelength is significantly different at a low temperature from that at room temperature and to see how the performance of a VPH grating is affected by a number of thermal cycles. We have completed ten c...

We present results from cryogenic tests of Volume-Phase Holographic (VPH) gratings at ∼ 100 K. The aims of these tests are to see whether the diffraction efficiency as a function of wavelength is significantly different at a low temperature from that at room temperature and to see how the performance of a VPH grating is affected by a number of thermal cycles. We have completed 10 cycles between...

The volume of pediatric invasive and noninvasive procedures outside the operating room continues to increase. The acuity and complexity of patient clinical condition has resulted in the expansion of the anesthesiologist's role in remote sites. The anesthesia provider must ensure patient safety by assuring appropriate patient preparation, having available required equipment for monitoring and re...

The structure of single crystals of the organic metals aand /?-(BEDT-TTF)2I3* was determined at 100 K, well below the phase transitions indicated by resistivity and thermopower measurements as well as by differential thermal analysis. In the a-phase no unusual change of the room temperature unit cell but a slight variation in the triiodide network and especially a more pronounced dimerization i...

Room occupancy estimation technology has been shown to reduce building energy cost significantly. However speechbased occupancy estimation has not been well explored. In this paper, we investigate energy mode and babble speaker count methods for estimating both small and large crowds in a party-mode room setting. We also examine how distance between speakers and microphone affects their estimat...