The present study was performed to evaluate antifungal activities of leaf essential oils from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. originating from Thailand against 9 fungal strains. The leaf samples were collected from 3 different clones. The fungi examined in this study were (1) household molds: Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Chaetomium globosum and Penicillium citrinum, (2) wood...

Wood-degrading brown rot fungi are essential recyclers of plant biomass in forest ecosystems. Their efficient cellulolytic systems, which have potential biotechnological applications, apparently depend on a combination of two mechanisms: lignocellulose oxidation (LOX) by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and polysaccharide hydrolysis by a limited set of glycoside hydrolases (GHs). Given that ROS ar...

Our purpose in this chapter is to provide an overview of the enzymology and associated molecular genetics of wood decay by white-rot fungi. These fungi are able to fragment the major structural polymers of wood and other lignocellulosics-lignin, cellulose, and hemicelluloses—and to further metabolize the fragments. The whiterot fungi and related litter-degrading fungi are perhaps nature’s major...

Decomposition of wood is an important part of the carbon cycle of nature. Decomposition is caused by fungi, insects, and marine borers that use the wood as food or shelter, or both. Lignin in wood provides a physical barrier to enzymatic decomposition of cellulose and hemicelluloses. This barrier is breached mechanically by insects and marine borers, biochemically by whiteand soft-rot fungi, an...

Five white rot basidiomycetes were evaluated for their potential to improve ruminal degradation of oat straw and alfalfa stems. Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC), Scytinostroma galactinum (SG), Phlebia tremellosa (PT), Phellinus pini (PP), and Pholiota mutabilis (PM) were incubated on oat straw and alfalfa stems for 30 d at 28 degrees C and 90% relative humidity. Detergent fiber and total fiber ...

Different rates of wood decay and ligninolytic activity were found in wood decayed by various white-rot fimgi. Chemical and ultrastructural analyses showed wood decayed by Coriolus versicolor consisted of a nonselective attack on all cell wall components. Lignin degradation was restricted to the cell wall adjacent to hyphae or around the circumference of cell lumina. Decay by Phellinus pini, Ph...

CRYOSTAT MICROTOME SECTIONS OF BIRCH WOOD DEGRADED BY WHITE ROT FUNGI WERE EXAMINED BY LIGHT MICROSCOPY AFTER TREATMENT WITH TWO STAINS: astra-blue, which stains cellulose blue only in the absence of lignin, and safranin, which stains lignin regardless of whether cellulose is present. The method provided a simple and reliable screening procedure that distinguishes between fungi that cause decay...

Synthetic dyes are integral part of many industrial products. The effluents generated from textile dyeing units create major environmental problems and issues both in public and textile units. Industrial wastewater treatment is one of the major problems in the present scenario. Though, the physical and chemical methods offer some solutions to the problems, it is not affordable by the unit opera...

The retarding effect of low temperatures on plant activities is a matter of general knowledge, and the principle has had a very general application in the storage of fruits. The better preservation of the fruit at low temperatures is due both to the slowing up of the activities of the fruit itself and to the checking of fungus and bacterial growth. This paper deals particularly with the latter ...

The white-rot fungi produce wide range of extracellular enzymes (especially ligninolytic enzymes) and they can degrade complicated and difficult degradable compounds. An immobilization of enzymes causes their stability, reusability and cheapness, so they could be effectively used in biotechnologies and other branches. In this work we focused on the optimization of isolation procedure namely pre...