The rotation curve of the small-mass starburst galaxy M82 has a steep nuclear rise, peaking at 200 pc radius, and then, declines in a Keplerian fashion. This rotation curve mimics that for a central bulge of spiral galaxies with high concentration of stellar mass. The declining rotation indicates that its extended disk mass is missing. In order to explain this peculiar rotation characteristics,...

A novel method for automated curved planar reformation (CPR) of magnetic resonance (MR) images of the spine is presented. The CPR images, generated by a transformation from image-based to spine-based coordinate system, follow the structural shape of the spine and allow the whole course of the curved anatomy to be viewed in individual cross-sections. The three-dimensional (3D) spine curve and th...