Widespread introduction of rotavirus vaccines has led to major reductions in the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis worldwide. Vaccine effectiveness is diminished, however, in low income countries, that harbour the greatest burden of rotavirus attributed morbidity and mortality. Indirect effects of rotavirus vaccine (herd immunity and herd protection) could increase population level impact and...

Rotavirus vaccines are delivered early in life, when the immune system is immature. To determine the effects of immaturity on responses to candidate vaccines, neonatal (7 days old) and adult mice were immunized with single doses of either Escherichia coli-expressed rotavirus VP6 protein and the adjuvant LT(R192G) or live rhesus rotavirus (RRV), and protection against fecal rotavirus shedding fo...

INTRODUCTION Rotavirus infections frequently cause acute gastroenteritis in humans and are the most important cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in young children in both developed and developing countries. METHODOLOGY This was a prospective cross-sectional, hospital-based study on 300 children ≤ 5 years with acute watery diarrhea who attended Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) and Nyamagana Dist...

INTRODUCTION The burden of infection in communities determines the spread of rotavirus infection and disease in susceptible populations. This study reports rotavirus infection and disease in a community based birth cohort in Vellore. METHODS Bimonthly surveillance and diarrheal stool were collected from 452 children enrolled at birth, of whom 373 completed three years of follow up. Samples we...

BACKGROUND To minimise vaccine-associated risk of intussusception following rotavirus vaccination, Norway adopted very strict age limits for initiating and completing the vaccine series at the time rotavirus vaccination was included in the national immunisation programme, October 2014. Although Norway has a high coverage for routine childhood vaccines, these stringent age limits could negativel...

By the plaque reduction neutralization test, the CU-1 strain of canine rotavirus was similar, if not identical, to three strains (no. 14, no. 15, and P) of the tentatively designated third human rotavirus serotype. In addition, strain CU-1 demonstrated a one-way antigenic relationship with two other strains (M and B) of the third human rotavirus serotype. The CU-1 strain of canine rotavirus hem...

The aetiology of rotavirus and adenovirus in acute gastroenteritis was studied in a prospective series that comprised 283 children admitted consecutively with diarrhoea during a 1-year period. Rotavirus was associated in 49% of the cases by solid-phase radioimmunoassay and electron microscopical examination of stool specimens, or by serology. Adenovirus was detected by radioimmunoassay in the s...

The introduction of a rotavirus vaccine makes it important to determine the need for vaccination n a population. This study in Jordan in 2007-08 determined the incidence and clinical features of rotavirus gastroenteritis among children aged under 5 years admitted to hospital with diarrhoea. Of 148 children, 59 (39.9%) were ELISA-positive for rotavirus in stool samples, predominantly in the age ...

Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children under 5 years of age worldwide. In both developing and industrialized countries, about one-third of AGE hospitalizations in children under 5 are attributable to rotavirus infection. While rotavirus AGE is ubiquitous, more than 90% of the estimated 453 000 annual rotavirus deaths occur in developing countries, prima...

OBJECTIVES An effective vaccine is needed to protect against severe rotavirus disease, an important cause of gastroenteritis. Since there are no data on the incidence and antigenic diversity of rotavirus infection in Sierra Leone, we studied its epidemiology to enable an effective vaccine strategy to be designed. METHODS Children between the ages of 3 and 30 months presenting with gastroenter...